1874 SAMARITAN TARGUM..pdf - PDFCOFFEE.COM (2024)

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FKAGMENTS OF A

SAMARITAN TARGUM.

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the same Author.

TWO TREATISES ON VERBS CONTAINING FEEBLE AND DOUBLE LETTERS: By R. Jehuda Hayug of Fez. Translated into Hebrew from the original Arabic by R. Moses Gikatilia of Cordova; to which ia added. The Treatise on Punctuation, by the same author, translated by Aben Ezra; edited from Bodleian MSS., with an English translation.

London, 1870, 8vo. pp.

xiii,

and 147, English; pp. xv, and 1S2, Arabic and Hebrew. Price

7s. 6(1.

In preparation.

A HEBREW COMMENTARY ON

ISAIAH, by

a French

Rabbi of the 12th century, edited from a Bodleian MS. with an English translation.

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FRAGMENTS OF

A SAMARITAN TARGUM, EDITED FROM A BODLEIAN MS.

WITH AN

INTRODUCTION,

CONTAINING A SKETCH Or

SAMARITAN HISTORY, DOGMA, AND LITERATURE, BY

JOHN

W. NUTT, M.A.,

PILLOW OP ALL SOCLE’ COLLEGE, QRIKFIELD HEADER ON TEE LIT, 8CB-LIBOARIAN OP THE BODLEIAN LIBEAET, OXFORD,

TRUBNER AND

CO.,

LONDON.

1874.

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P'-iwji'iiihCA; n-.fi ;

V- \ '

u vsjc

O XF 0 El)':

PICKARD HALL AND

X J.

8TACT,

PRINTERS TO THE UNIVERSITY.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS. PAGE

Preface I.

History of the Samaritans. Captivity of the Ten Tribes, b.c. 722

Settlement of Assyrian colonists in their place

The Jews return from Babylon They

refuse

the

...

away

All the Israelites not carried

536

Samaritans’ aid in

rebuilding the

Temple

Hostility of the latter in consequence

The

territory of the Samaritans

Samaria or Sebaste

Shechem, the modern Nablus

Temple

built

on Garizim

in opposition to that of

Jerusalem

The Samaritans under Alexander’s Destruction of their temple Samaria' under the

l>y

...17 .... 18

successors

Their apostasy under Anttochns Epiphaues

...

....

...

John Hyrcanua

Romans

Fortunes of the people under the emperors Troubles in the time of Zeno and Justinian

The Mohammedan conquest in 636

The Crusaders Little

known

Ages

in Palestine

1090-1244

of the Samaritans during tho Middle

CONTEXTS.

PAGE

Communications opened with them by Scaliger

A Pentateuch

II.

procured from them by P, della Valle

24 24

Present condition of the people

Doctrines of the Samaritans.

the

first

probably not very definite

Alliance of Samaritans with certain

Jews

in the time

of Ezra

Secession of Manassch in the following century

The Samaritans borrow It is gradually

their theology from Jerusalem

....

...

Sadducean teaching then prevailing there ousted by Pharisee doctrines

Revived by the Karaites

Agreement of Samaritans, Sadducees, and Karaites, opposition to the Pharisees and Rahbanites

Jewish testimony to Samaritan doctrines

...

....

37 42

Statements of the Fathers

Sects of the Samaritans

Essence

Sebuaeans

Gorthenians

Dositheans

Simon Magus and

48 his followers

Later developments of Samaritan doctrine

....

55 65 66

Its five principal articles

The Messiah

Feasts of the Samaritans

;

the JPassover

Their religious customs III.

Their correspondence with Europeans

Literature of the Samaritans.

The language

was written

Samaritan Hellenists and their works

which

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CONTENTS.

Vll

PASS i.

The Hebrew-Samaritan Pentateuch superiority

Its

oyer

discovery

ita

;

Hebrew Pentateuch

the

asserted

Opposition to this view Criticism of

Similarity of

by Oescniug

LXX

Various explanations of the 1.

The

LXX was

to Samaritan Pentateuch

fact

translated from the Samaritan

Pentateuch

Sa maritan

from the

Pentateuch

was

co rrected

LXX

Both were derived from similar MSS.

2§

Doubtful when the Samaritans received their Pentateuch Tlieir alphabet

MSS,

abandoned by the Jews under Ezra

of the Samaritan Pentateuch; the Paris

The synagogue-roll

MS.

at Nablus

99 roo 103 104

Translations of the Samaritan Pentateuch: x.

Into Samaritan; the

Similar translations

Targum

ii.

iii.

iv.

107 1

The Vatican MS. The Bodleian and other MSS The Samaritan-Greek version

The Arabic version of Ahusaid

116

Samaritan chronicles x.

106

among the Jews

The Barberini MS. of the Targum

The ‘book

of Joshua'

El-Tholidoth

The

Agadic

chronicle of Abulfath

113 its

xxy

nq 126

literature

Commentaries on the Pentateuch

134

Miscellaneous theology

i3 9

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CONTEXTS.

Vlll

PAGE v. vi. vii.

Liturgies: prayers and

Grammar and

Appendix „

hymns

142

Calendars

II.

145 lexicography

The Samaritan MSS,

146

at St. Petersburg

Translation of the Maasekheth Kutliim

Text of the Samaritan Targcm

153 .

168

1-84

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INTRODUCTION. More away

than two centuries and a half have passed

since the discovery

was made at Damascus

of a Hebrew Pentateuch, written

and with readings

characters,

of the Masoretic text in use also of

different

among

Samaritan from those

the Jews,

and

a complete translation of the same into

the Samaritan idiom.

The

Europe was thus directed of a people

now

attention of learned

to the literary

remains

languishing and well nigh extinct,

but once the bitter and formidable religious opponents of the Jewish nation, and an interest was

aroused in them which the labours of De Sacy, Gesenius,

and others

The

revived.

in the present century

results,

have again

however, of these enquiries,

extending as they do over so long a period, are in

many

cases buried in rare

or hidden

away

dissertations.

a short sketch,

in periodicals

and costly volumes and long-forgotten

It has been thought, therefore, that

embodying the

attainable with regard to

latest information

the history, writings,

and religious tenets of the Samaritans, may

fitly

2 serve as an introduction to the interesting and

important fragment of their literature which

here published. I.

The tide of Assyrian conquest which had begun

to overflow the land of Israel under

770

and had continued

B. c.,

Pul

about

progress during

its 2

and Shalmaneser 3 reached its height in the time of Hosea, when, in 4 722, ‘the king of Assyria took Samaria, and carried Israel away into Assyria, and placed them in Halah and in Habor by the river of Gozan, and in the cities of the Medes supplying their place the reigns of Tiglath Pileser

Chron.

Kings

Ibid. xvii. 6

xvii. ;

;

Kings

xv. 19.

xvili. 11.

This appears to have been Sargon,

See the article

the successor of Shalmaneser.

Smith's Bible Dictionary,

iii.

Beth-Omri

Museum, Sargon and

all

called the

it I

‘

’

Punisher of wide

Khorsabnd,

I besieged

‘

Destroyer

carried captive,

and captured, 27,290

50 chariots

in the midst

of them I arranged and the rest of them I took possession

of,

general over them I appointed, and the taxes paid by the

former king I fixed upon them.’ schriften 1

a cylinder

In the copy of his annals

Beth-Omri.’

he says, ‘The city of Samaria people dwelling in

in a bull inscription of

of the city of Samaria,

Sargon

‘

1142, and George Smith's Ckrono-

logy of the Reign of Sennacherib (1871), p. 12. in the British

Kings xv. 29.

3-5.

und das A.

Kings

xvii. 24.

Die Keilin-

T. (1872), p. 158 sq.

For an

identification of these places Bee

Asahel Grant’s Nestorians (1841), bably the Calah of Gen. x. 11, 12, flows S.

Cf. Schrader,

129 sqq.

now

Halah

Nitnrud.

pro-

The Habor

into the Tigris from the mountains of Assyria (so

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;

3 with colonists from ‘Babylon, and from Cutbah, Ewald, Gesch. (1866), it

tlie

iii.

658

greater stream

;

but according to Schrader,

p. 161,

name which flows into the Gozan=Zozan, the Nestorian

of that

Euphrates near Carchemish).

name for pastures the high lands on either side of the great Zab river, \V. of lake Ooroomiah. (Rages also near Teheran, :

Nineveh, and Ecbatana, arc mentioned in the book of Tobit as settlements

of Israelites

Nahum, where

his

Elkosh, the

tomb

was north of Nineveh.)

Btill

home of the prophet

shewn and greatly venerated,

Dr. Grant brings forward several

striking reasons for the identity of the independent Nestorian

Christians inhabiting this almost inaccessible tract of country

with some of the ten tribes. the patriarch claimed to be

They

call

themselves Bene Israel

of the tribe of

Naphtali

the

;

neighbouring Jews allow that they are of the same stock as

and speak almost the same

themselves,

though

dialect

two bodies hate each other and The Nestorians still offer peace-offerings,

the

together.

of Nazaritism, bring

first-fruits,

keep the Sabbath

a recess in their churches termed the

;

will

not eat

practise

vows

strictly,

have

Holy of Holies

may be baptized on the eighth day after birth of women after childbirth extends for forty days male, for sixty of a female infant

with them,

;

children

the purification in the case of a

they keep the Passover, but

the holy Eucharist supersedes the Jewish sacrifice; their phy-

siognomy and names are Jewish; their patriarch, both civil

in his

and religious capacity, strongly resembles the ancient

high-priest

;

they have

‘

avengers of blood,' the churches serve

The ‘Chaldean’ Church dates from A.D. when the Nestorian metropolitan of Diarbckir quarrelled

as ‘cities of refuge.'

1681,

with his patriarch, and had himself consecrated by the Pope patriarch of the converts to papacy from the Nestorian

Jacobite Churches

who

designate themselves by this

title.

Grant’s conclusions are doubted by Ewald, Ge»ch. (1864),

and Dr. iv.

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and from Ava, and from Hamath, and from Sepharvaim V lao,

who however does not bring forward

of his view.

Eldad the Danite

reasons in support

mentions, giving references, the journey of in the ninth century in search of the ten tribes

by Josephus (Ant. xi. g. 2) as existing in great numbers beyond the Euphrates, Benjamin of Tudela’s descripdescribed

tion of

them

and the various attempts made

in the twelfth,

discover them

among Afghans,

Chinese, Parthians, Buddhists,

For Talmudical traditions as to their position see Neubauer, Geoyraphie du Talmud, p. 372 for other references to Josephus, St Jerome, &c., Juynboll, Com-

and North American Indians.

;

ment. in Uist. Gent.Sam. p. 26 Grabschriften bourg, serie

am d.

Krim

sq.

;

also Chwolson’s

A chtzehn

Ilebr.

in Alim, de Tacad. imp. de St. Pelers-

vol. ix. 7, for records of the ten tribes in

Crimea and

the

and for their connection with the (p. 59) Caucasus legend of Prcster John, cf. Oppert, Der Presbyter Johannes (1864), p. 17. ‘

;

Benjamin of Tudela has found a successor

J. J. Benjamin II,'

who went on

the same quest in

he corroborates Dr. Grant’s statements

;

see his

Asia and Africa’ (Hanover, 1863), p. 124. 1 For the position of Cuthah, sec below, of

Ava

not known.

its

p. 9,

inhabitants carried

Schrader, pp. 162-6.

1846-1855

;

Eight Years in

note

Hamath was plundered by Sargon

Becond year of his reign, settled in their place,

‘

off,

Ewahl,

That in the

und others op. cil.

iii.

655 (1866), places Sepharvaim and Ava near Hamath. Sargon in his first year transported colonists from Babylon to Samaria Schrader, p. 162. Other colonists seem to have joined them later. Sargon says in 715 n.c. ‘The Tamudi, Ibadidi, Marsimani and Hayapa, remote Arabians [cf. Geshem the cf.

‘

Arabian,’ Neh.

ii.

19, iv. 7]

dwelling in Bari

whom

the

Akku

and Sapiru knew not of ... in the service of Assur my lord I destroyed them, and the rest of them I removed, and in

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5 It has been

much debated

wbat extent

depopulation was carried out l . quest of Judah

this

In the later con-

mentioned that the ‘poorest sort of the people of the land 2 were left behind, and only the nobles, warriors, and artisans carried away. And it seems most probable that it is

especially

’

such had been the case with Israel in

puts

630,

down

idolatry

also, for Josiah,

‘Manasseh and

Ephraim, and Simeon, even unto Naphtali 3 and a little later repairs the temple with money collected for the purpose from Manasseh and Ephraim and ,’

‘

4 as well as from Judah the remnant of Israel and Benjamin. Again, after the ruin of Judah, in 588, worshippers from Shechem and Shiloh and Samaria are represented as coming with offerings

all

,’

the city of Samaria I placed p. 14,

.’

Vid. George Smith, op.

and

Ewald, iii. 727): Samaritans ascribe their settlement to Esarliaddon.

settled in Samaria, (for their position see

in iv. 2, the

Makrizi’s account of this shifting of populations in

cit.

and Schrader, p. 163. Other tribes also arc mentioned iv. 9, 10, as having been brought over by Asnapper

Ezra

De 1

Sacy, Chrestoinalkie

For a reference

Kings xxiv.

Chron. xxxiv.

over in

to be found

302.

‘Samaria’ in Smith’s Bible Diet.

article 2

A robe,

to varying opiuions on the subject see the iii.

14. 9.

The

1105. 2 Chron. xxxiv. 6.

invitation of Hezekiah to the pass-

Chron. xxx. seems to have extended principally,

only, to the parts untouched

by Assyria

not

the reference therefore

appears to be of no value for determining the question of what Israelitish population

was

left

behind by the conquerors.

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to the temple at Jerusalem therefore, a considerable

all

likelihood,

population of Israelites

remained behind, who were recruited after the withdrawal of the Assyrian armies by returning 2

fugitives

and

fresh

drafts

of foreign

popula-

tions from the various countries which, in their

came beneath the yoke of the kings of

turn,

Assyria

3 .

At first the worship of Jehovah seems to have been entirely overlooked amid that of the numerous deities 4 introduced by the new plague of

lions,

it,

by an

established

settlers,

but

consequence of the country being visited by a

Jer. xli. 5.

Cf. Jcr. xl.

The term

7-12

or some modification of

5 ,

was

Israelite priest" at Bethel, the

for the similar case of Judah.

(iAAoyo'ijs

as applied to a Samaritan in

Luke

xvii.

8 cannot fairly be pressed so as to exclude the notion of there

being an Israclitish element *

Kings

xvii.

30,

among

31.

Succoth-benoth, the deity of the

Babylonians, cannot be traced.

mentioned

of Cutha.

Nergal

signifies the

‘

lion-god,’

cuneiform inscriptions as worshipped by the people

This source gives no information as to Ashima,

Nibhas, and Tartak. tants of

the Samaritan population.

The burning of

children by the inhabi-

Sepharvaim may have been connected with their wor-

ship of the

sun, the

name

signifying the ‘city of the sun.’

Schrader, 166-168. *

Possibly the old calf-worship was restored again,

having been the seat of 0

The

priests, as

it.

Ewald,

iii.

Bethel

729.

being an educated and important class of the

community, would naturally have been among the captives.

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former centre of state idolatry under Jeroboam and his successors

ing

its

own

;

each nationality meanwhile retain-

peculiar divinity and religious rites.

Although, therefore, the influence of the sanctuary at Bethel

out the

seems in time to have spread throughto have expelled the

new immigrants and

various deities and rites introduced

by them

Zerubbabel and his returning brethren

had good the

‘

lion-converts

ancient

still

may have

reason for declining the co-operation of

ritual

’

in the

work of

restoring the

and temple at Jerusalem.

refusal roused the deep hostility of the

This

Samari-

and from this time the relations between the two people became continually more and more embittered, till an absolute separation ensued between them. Even now, when one common ruin has for so many centuries involved them both, they hold no intercourse with each other. From tans,

time forward one thought alone presented

this

itself to

the Samaritans’ mind, to depress by every

possible means, fair or foul, their hated rivals of

Jerusalem, to

represent themselves as

the true

and Garizim as the sanctuary chosen of God on which the first temple was at His command built by Joshua, while Eli, Samuel, David, and Solomon were held disciples of the great prophet of Israel

Ezra

iv. 2.

Bab. Baba

Kama, 38

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apostate leaders of a

to reprobation as the

national and religious schism

l .

the possession of a tract of country remark-

and venerable for its religious the Samaritans were well qualified for

able for its fertility, associations,

maintaining an opposition to the rival state 2

extended, according to Josephus 3 from Ginaea or ,

En-Ganniin, on the south side of the great plain of Jezreel, to the borders of Benjamin, thus includ-

ing the old territory of Manasseh and Ephraim.

towns were Bethshan 4 famous for its later under the name of ScythoAbelmeholah 6 the home of Elisha Jezreel 6

Its principal

polis

;

known

fertility,

the residence of its

;

Ahab

;

Tirzah

7 ,

proverbial

for

beauty, where dwelt the kings of Israel from

Yet,

when

suited them, the Samaritans would

deny

all

connection with the Jews and assert their heathen extraction

thus in the time of Darius Hystaspes they claim to he Persians (Josephus, Ant.

(ib. xi. 8. s

The

;

xi. 4. 9),

under Alexander the Great, Sidonians

xii. 5. 5).

old tribe of Ephraim,

had been of great Abimelech

political

whose territory they possessed,

importance under the Judges

;

under

gained the royal power, and later opposed Ishbo-

sheth to David and Jeroboam to Keboboam, always bearing with great unwillingness the supremacy of Judah:

assumed exactly the same 5

B. J.

iii.

;

or Burkin the frontier. *

Sam. xxxi.

Kings

the Samaritans

position.

but in the next chapter he makes Anouath

10.

xviii. 46.

Cf.

Neubauer, Geographic, 6

Kings

Cant.

p. 57.

xix. 16.

vi. 4.

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Jeroboam to Zimri the ark

Shiloh, the resting-place of

;

Bethel, the scene of Jacob’s visions

;

But the

2 .

principal events of Samaritan history

gather round the two centres of Samaria and Built originally by Ornri in a com-

Shechera.

manding

position of great fertility, strength,

beauty, on a 3

Shechem

some

hill

captivity the

capital

and

six miles north-west

Samaria continued

Assyrian

the

till

of the kingdom of Israel,

the centre of Ahab’s Baal- worship, the scene of

many

of the miracles of Elijah and Elisha dis-

played in famines brought upon the land, in the sudden return of plenty, and in deliverance from the object of the bitter denunSyrian invasions ;

Hosea and other prophets for luxury, and oppression. Taken in 722, after a three years’ siege 4 the city must have sunk for a

ciations of idolatry,

Josh, xviii. 2

Kings

369.

Kings

For further references

304, and Winer,

ii.

The term DUIDC4

used in the Old Testament for the later times

Gen. xxviii. 19.

xviii. 9, 10.

Palestine (1867),

(1847),

‘

Bibl.

once (2 Kings

Law

ix.

Hieronymus

1), (

xvii. 29)

inhabitants of Samaria.’

observers

by Origen (Comm, in Joan.

Eusebius (C/iron.

ii.

’

Horn, p. 355 ad aim. Abraluimi 1270),

Onomastica ed. Lagarde,

Epiphanius (Ilaeres. p. 175.

Robinson,

or Sabbath, or, according to others, ‘guardians’ of the

land, senses recognised

in Eztch.

xvi. 24.

the Samaritans designated themselves as D , "'D6

which, by a play upon the word, they interpreted the

cf.

Real-W'orterbuch

;

cf.

also

p. 66,

cf.

Sacy, Not.

;

also p. 197), et

Extr.

xii.

They were termed by the Jews D’DO, from Cutha, a

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10 while into ruin, for till

does not reappear in history-

when

the time of Alexander the Great,

was

captured by him, part of the inhabitants put to the sword, others removed to Shechem, and a

new

Some

were

colony introduced. lost to

Judaea at

this

frontier

time

towns

also

appears soon after

have been rebuilt by Perdiccas, but in 31 during the wars of Antigonus and Ptolemy Lagi,

suffered the demolition of

a short time,

its

walls

continued to exist

restored again till

about

b. c.

29, when it was taken and utterly destroyed by John Hyrcanus, the Jews retaining possession of the site 2 It was restored by Pompey to its former 1

Asia of doubtful

district in

whence

locality,

colonists,

perhaps

the most important, had been transplanted to Samaria by the

king of Assyria

(cf. 2

Kings

xvii. 24).

Abulfath, in his Chro-

under

nicle (ed. Vilinar, p. lix), expluins that in a persecution

Darius some Samaritan exiles Cutba, hence the

name was

fled

fixed

the nation of that of ‘Israelites.’

Sacy, Chrest. Arabe,

iii.

598;

379.

from the Jews to the valley of

upon them in order

the position of Cutha,

Eusebius, Chron.

tine, p. 483.

ad ann. Abrahami 1684

The 25th 1

Marheshwan was kept

6th of Si wan in

memory

eban and the plain of Jezreel; Gesch. (1863),

;

cf.

Munk, Pales-

This was in revenge for the murder of Androma-

chus, the Macedonian governor of Coelesyria.

15th and

cf.

i. 331 ; Herzfeld, Geschichte, i. 473, Ewald, Gesch. (1866), iii. 727; Neubauer, Geogr. According to Schrader, p. 164, it must be sought for

in Mid-Babylonia. 1

to deprive

iii.

Herzfeld,

memory

120.

ii.

of this

;

the

of the annexation of Beth-

Meg. Tu'anith,

Gratz,

422.

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owners, and rebuilt by Gabinius a few years

and somewhat

B. c.,

later again fortified, colonised,

and

magnificently adorned by Herod the Great, receiv-

ing the

name

whom

the

of Sebaste, in honour of Augustus,

a splendid temple was erected within

A Roman

city.

colony was planted there by

Septimius Severus early in the third century, and coins are found extending from

brother of Caracalla nificent erections

Nero to Geta, the

At what time Herod’s mag-

were

laid

waste

not known.

bishop of Sebaste was present at the council

of Nicaea in 325, and another at the synod of Jerusalem in 536. When the place fell into the

hands of the Crusaders, a Latin bishopric was established there about 1155, the title of which

was

still

Roman Church

kept up by the

fourteenth century.

Arab

small

till

village

the

now

occupies the site of the old town, traces of whose

former grandeur are

still

remains of the church of

visible

the

stately

John Baptist 3 and

St.

long rows of broken columns.

But more 1

Cf. ’

interest

attaches

Shechem, the

Or perhaps somewhat later to Alexander Severus, 222-235. De Saulcy, Numiemalique de la Terre Sainte (1874), p. 281. St.

Jerome gives Sebaste as the burial-place of St. John and Obadiah later a tradition sprang

Baptist, as also of Elisha

up that death

also,

had been the scene of the Baptist's imprisonment and whereas Josephus, followed by Eusebius, places these

at Maehacrus,

on the east of the Dead Sea.

Robinson,

ii.

306.

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modern Nablus ', the

principal centre of Samaritan

after the decline of Samaria, where still lingers on the feeble remnant of the last Samaritan community. Built upon a gentle slope at the foot of Mount Garizim, at a point where the mountain life

and the opposite height of Ebal enclose a valley of some 500 yards in breadth, Shechem, with its bright streams and luxuriant vegetation, has always drawn forth the warmest admiration of travellers Its associations were especially sacred. Near it stood the oak of Moreli (Gen.

Abraham

xii. 6),

the resting-

immediate vicinity of which was the parcel of ground (xliii. 22) bought by Jacob from Hamor and given bv him as a posplace of

session to Joseph

;

in the

it is

well and Joseph’s tomb.

marked still by Jacob's Here dwelt the patriarch

compelled to leave in fear of the consequences

till

There seems to he no good reason

Shechem them

(in

LXX,

2 v\.

37 !

This however

disputed,

many holding

Jonathan ben Uzziel on the prophets to be

the

Targum

older.

Digitized by

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108 Samaria as well to produce a similar result, and it is not unreasonable to ascribe the original redaction of the Samaritan

Targum

to about the

that of Onkelos, or perhaps

Later

same time

little

earlier.

cannot well be, for the Samaritan Greek

version which appears to have been formed on

it,

already quoted by Fathers of the third and

Samaritan tradition apparently ascribes it to a certain Nathanael who died about 20 B.c. *, but to this testimony no importance need be ascribed. From the many Arabisms which fourth centuries.

occur in this version

subsequent to the

has been held to be even

Mohammedan

invasion of 632 *: however that these may be interpoIt must also be remembered that the Samaritans were a mixed 3 nice, with Arabs included among them and that possibly the translator himself may have been one. Many hands seem to have been employed it is

possible

lations,

not parts of the original text.

Winer,

vers.

Sam.

irulole, p.

{1846), ii. 1 16. 2 Frankel (in Verhandlungen

Juynboll, in Oneulalia

;

d. ersten

Versammlung deulscher

nnd ausl. Orientalislen in Dresden, 1844) holds that, before the dominion of the Arabs, Arabic expressions seldom occur in that the Targums, Midrashim,

Chaldee and Palestinian authors

;

and Talmud know them

R. Lewi alone

not.

among Midrash

authors explains by means of Arabic. 3

Cf.

‘Geshem

Arabians,’ ibid.

the Arabian,’

iv. 7.

Cf.

Neh.

ii.

19 and

vi.

;

Kohn, Samarilanisc/ie Studien,

‘the p. 60.

Digitized

byjGoogle

109

upon first

before

chapters

thirty

the oldest

assumed

its

many

words which cannot be source are

present form

the

Genesis are apparently

containing

so-called Samaritan

traced

any known

differences in the use of the conjunctions

observable

which occur

the various books

mistakes

in the rendering of one passage

not repeat themselves in the parallel phrase of

At some

another book. has

version

Onkelos, so

period

been

greatly

indebted

much

so that

many

other

the

that

critics,

Hottinger, Eichhorn, and Kirchheim, have held to have been copied from

it.

such as it

This however seems

to be rather an overstating of the case

true

that ax a£ Xeyojueva and words of uncertain meaning are often rendered by identical or similar expres-

both

sions in

from

Jewish

moreover when Onkelos borrows

often follows him.

pendent

;

the

tradition,

the latter

And falls

Samaritan

Targum

yet the two are inde-

into serious blunders from

which the version of Onkelos should have protected

it; it

text where

often retains difficulties of the

the

Hebrew

other gives a translation.

would seem therefore to have been at the outset an original translation, but in course of time and during the various manipulations it underwent to have been interpolated largely from the version 1

Kohn,

ibid.

pp.

sq.

Digitized by

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110

among the Jews.

prevalent

minutely

general

not however always following the

literal,

text of the Samaritan Pentateuch, but sometimes

deserting

it for

the Hebrew, although in so doing

displays very

or knowledge of the

little skill

language, falling occasionally into the most gro-

tesque blunders from a confusion of similar words

The sense of numberless easy passages is perin difficult ones the Hebrew is retained or rendered by equally ambiguous words, or by such as refuse to have a certain meaning affixed to them by a comparison with cognate dialects. In verted

;

the style of translation lixity of the

of Aquila:

comes between the pro-

Targumists and the slavish literalness like

the Pentateuch,

careful to

avoid phrases which might seem to impair the reverence due to the Deity by the imputation of

human

and also to change exmight be thought to savour of inmore suitable to the dignity of

feelings or parts,

pressions which

delicacy into others '

e. g.

in Deut.

confounded with 0'iyi,

44, D'lhl, ‘bees,’ is

‘words,’ and translated n'i>D:

to leave

you a ‘remnant,’

JVttflP,

rendered p'en, ‘dough,’ as in Lev. xxi. 2 Ki?’, a ‘blood-

relation,’ is e|N.

‘

confounded with ixt?, ‘dough,’ und translated I'D?

anger’ and ‘even,’ are confused (Lev. xxvi. 44), and NiSN xliii. 11) rendered ntJlN: Dn' 3 B (Gen. iii. 7) is confounded

(Gen.

with DiTJUtP, and translated pn'^p 'DTI

with ‘Bongs,’

nnn»D

rendered D '3313

Num.

xix.

6 ny^in

(ibid. xxxi. 27),

KTinnC' T'

'35?

(ibid.

rendered

‘

47) 3mn

two worms

’

instead of ‘scarlet wool.’

Digitized by

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Ill

For purposes of exegesis the version

the subject. is

entirely

faithfully

useless

representing

progress

literary

the

that

simply interesting as religious

strange

ideas

offshoot

counterfeit of Israel, the Samaritan people able

also

most

;

and and valu-

for philological purposes as being the

trustworthy

monument

important

Semitic dialect, though of only a debased one

which has not a literature worthy of the name. It is to this Targum always that recourse must principally be had for settling the foims of the Samaritan language, though it is an unsatisfactory witness to them from the number of Hebraisms it contains and the interpolations it has undergone but all the later documents we possess are still more untrustworthy from the uncertainty attending their age and the possibility that they may have been written wliile the language was no longer spoken 1 It is of ;

considerable importance therefore that

we should

possess a thoroughly critical edition of the text,

and

it is

as a contribution to this end that the

present fragment has been edited.

MSS. hitherto known to exist are Home, the Barberini triglott and the The former was bought by Peiresc at Damascus in 1631, and bequeathed by him to The

both

oldest

Vatican.

Cf. Nijldeke in Geiger’s Zeitschr. vi.

204

sq.

Digitized

Google

112 Cardinal Barberini, in whose library It

remains.

it still

Hebrew-

written on parchment, with the

Samaritan text of the Pentateuch, the Arabic

Targum

version of Abusaid, and the Samaritan in three parallel columns.

imperfect

It is

the

and the end of Deuteronomy was supplied by a later hand oldest parts were written in a.d. 1226,

1482.

has never been published

single page of its

it,

only a

with some of the variations of

Targum and Pentateuch, and a specimen of

the Arabic version, have as yet appeared

The Vatican MS. was bought by Pietro at Damascus in 16 16: it is much

Valle

della later

than the one just described, on paper, dated 1514 a.d., with considerable lacunae of words and even verses

This

49, p. 3

the only text that has ever been

described by ;

J. B.

De Sacy

Mem. de I' A cad.

dee Inscr.

de Rossi at the end of his Specimen Varr.

(1783); by Adler in his liibl. Krit. Reise (1783), p. 139. triple page was transcribed by Blanchini in his Evangeliarium

Lectt.

(1749),

ii.

604.

his

burnt on

once

being cast into the flames, the former jumps out

unhurt

thrice

Judah

;

worships on Garizim. in the narrative

whole

till

of whose

chronicle

and

repents,

Israel

all

Then comes another break the time of Alexander, the as

history

appears

the

borrowed from Jewish history. Thus and not the Jews, refuse to

Samaritans,

the

break

league with

their

Alexander

Persia

marches

and give aid

Shechem, overawed by the dignity of the Samaritan, not the Jewish highpriest, whose figure had appeared to him in dreams and promised him victory. The tale of to

not Jerusalem, but spares

against

it,

Alexander’s three days’ journey to the land of

dust

the

darkness, pearls

See above,

Josephus, Ant.

high-priest

which was

xi. 8. 3.

There

refuses to break

(ibid.

him

told

how

the Jewish

his

league with Darius,

4) at once does.

Alexander marches

against Jerusalem, but at the sight of

and

p. 105.

Jaddua

which Sanballat before

rubies

of his ascending to the clouds in a car

;

Jaddua prostrates himself

(ibid. 4, 5).

To be found with

ben Gorion,

ii.

16.

variations in

Tamid. 32

and Josephus

drawn by

who

eagles

rose

according as

fell

the lumps of flash which they endeavoured catch were

above

held

by which the

device

below them

priests

new -bom sons by T

his

;

the

evaded the king’s

him by

injunction of erecting statues to all

name 2

—

calling

these can

all

be traced to Jewish sources, whence they have been drawn by the Samaritan chronicler for his

own

purposes.

follows a narrative of the

great revolt under Hadrian, during which Jeru-

salem

Samaritans

;

hands by means

his

into

falls

two

a confusion probably with the cap-

ture of Bettar, as the latter

betrayed by Samaritan

said to have been 3

intrigue

The whole

concludes with a short account of the high-priest

Aqbun, his son Nathanael, and grandson Baba Rubba, the last of whom was bom in grievous times, when the Roman hand lay heavy upon the Samaritans, when circumcision was forbidden, and no worshipper might approach the holy mountain, a miraculous bird being set there to wain the

Roman

guards

when

a Samaritan approached,

thereupon would issue forth and

Rabba endeavours 1

Jer. 'Aboda Zara,

legend

;

Legend,

it is

kill

him.

related of

iii.

This was a

common

Nimrod by the Moslems;

cf.

p. 77.

Also to be found in Josephus ben Gorion,

Ewald, Gesck.

vii.

who Baba

to alleviate his country’s sorrows.

(1868), p. 418.

ii.

mediaeval Weil, Bibl.

124 and sends his nephew Levi to Constantinople, there to acquire all the learning of the

cealing his

birth

and

faith,

enemy, that, conmight rise to

honour, and returning to Nablus, destroy the fatal bird,

and thus enable his countrymen to ascend

the mountain and obtain by their prayers deliver-

ance

from the enemy.

succeeds, and

the

In this he completely

narrative

breaks off abruptly

at the point when, after thirteen years’ absence,

he pays a visit as Archbishop to Nablus. The above sketch will shew how much genuine light

we may expect history

to have shed upon Samaritan by the truthfulness and historical skill

of native chroniclers.

The next chronicle to be noticed, El-Tholidoth The (book of) Generations, is of a more modest

In the .first instance have been written by Eleazar ben character.

544 = )

professes

Amram

in (a.h.

and continued by Jacob 1149 ben Ismael 200 years later, and carried down by other hands to 1859, when the present MS. was At written by Jacob ben Aaron the high-priest *. 1

pp.

a.d., copied

Called also by Abulfath

1—1 — 11 or the

‘

catena.’

Published by Neubauer in the Journal Asxatique for 1869,

385

sq.

gives the Samaritan, or rather Hebrew, text

with notes and translation, citing the Arabic translation when the sense

not clear.

His text

numbered Badl. Or. 651,

collated

that of the Bodleian

MB.

some passages with one

belonging to a private owner.

Digitized by

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125

commencement

its

God through

from

relates

how Adam

received

the mediation of angels the

method of calculating the months and years

for

the proper arrangement of the calendar of festivals.

This passed by tradition through the patriarchs to the time of Phinehas the grandson of Aaron, in

whose days

was committed

to writing by*

liis

son Abisham, and according to this record, which the hands of the Samaritan high-priest,

is still in

still every six months comEach period of seven years ends with a

the sacred calendar

piled

shemiffah (year of release)

a jubilee

the

;

seven of these form

shemiffah counts from the entry

first

of Israel into Canaan.

Three books are mentioned

as having been given to the Fathers from the time

Adam

of ‘

book of ‘Wars,’ that of

to Moses, the

Astronomy,' and that of Signs ‘

the ages of the patriarchs from

of Moses, and then a the present times

list

V Next Adam

are given

to the death

of high-priests

down

interwoven with this latter are

a few scattered notices of important events, such as the Babylonian captivity, the return from

it,

but as these have

all

the death of our Lord \ &c. 1

See above,

See below,

p. 132.

’

‘

;

Petermann, in Herzog,

xiii.

376, note.

In the time of Jehonathan was put to death JesuB the son

of Miriam, the son of Joseph the carpenter, at (mined

Salem

Ben Hanahpheth,

'1V1N3 flDnin |3), under the reign

Tiberius king of Rome, by I’alitah his governor.’

pp. 402, 438.

Digitized by

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126 been inserted in the chronicle of Abulfath which will

pext be noticed, they need not be further

here described.

The

geographers

while

as,

chronicle

of interest to

mentioning

the

various

Samaritan families settled in Damascus, Palestine, and Egypt, it incidentally introduces the names of a considerable

them The

number of

places inhabited

third chronicle

be noticed

that of

him at the request of the and continued by other Its literary and historical no greater than that of the two just

Ahulfath, composed by

high-priest in a.d. 1355,

hands to merit

later times

described,

considerable

copied into the present

same

vanity, periods,

‘

portions

w ork by r

its

which were

author 3

The

distortion of facts in the interest of national

same confusion between different the same omission of important events,

the

1 The importance of this chronicle Book of Jubilees is shewn by Ronsch ’

for comparison with the in his

Buck der Jubilaen

(>874), p. 361. *

written in 3

MSS. by Ed. Vilmar, Gotha, 1865. It Arabic containing many vulgar grammatical forms.

Published from four

Besides these two, Ahulfath also appears to have had at his

disposal several other books, viz. one entitled the

probably an account of the division of the land

among

the

twelve tribes, other chronicles %ound up in one volume with the

book of J oshua, three more in Hebrew obtained from Damascus, a book termed the or quires,’ and a chronicle of Sadaqa ; ‘

the last however he does not appear to have used.

Digitized by

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127 the same unacknowledged borrowing from Jewish sources, is observable. tion,

which

the

commences at the Crea-

placed at 4350 B.c.

settlement of Israel

from this point

;

Canaan, wliich,

together with the

250 ensuing years of peace under the rule of Joshua and his successors to Samson, makes altogether a period of 3050 years, was the Ridv&n or time of the Divine Favour. Then the royal and pontifical dignities were both preserved, then the king’ with the aid of his seventy elders and twelve princes of the tribes guided the state in accordance with the Divine
ecially as shewing the tenacity with which they clung to ancient traditional interpretations, are their commentaries on the Pentateuch. Probably one of trinal

the oldest

now

extant

in the Bodleian Library

was composed (a.h. 445 = ) a.d. 1053 by an unknown Samaritan for the benefit of a certain Abft Sa’id Levi, possibly the well-known translator 1 certainly it was written before his translation of the Pentateuch was made, as this is never quoted in it. Like others of his countrymen who will be it

;

afterwards quoted, the author was well acquainted

w ith

works of Arabian grammarians, but the system for the formation of verbs discovered by Havug was unknown to him. He is singular in quoting not only from the Pentateuch, but also from tire former and later prophets, Nehemiah, the Mishnah, &c., but strangely enough the

triliteral

MS.

Opp. Add.

xxvii. Bibl.

MS.

Acad. Reg. 4".

Ncubauer

in the

99.

short Samaritan liturgies.

Juurn. Asiat.

in Arabic, and dated (a.h.

Scicnt. its

A mat.

pp. 294-296.

commencement

has two

has been described at length by

It (

1873), pp. 341 sq.

749=) a.

1348.

written

135 does not mention the Samaritan Targura.

Like a

genuine Samaritan he shuns anthropomorphisms, attributing to .angels actions ascribed in the original to

God

Himself, but he

singularly peaceful,

sometimes even agreeing with Rabbanite interpretations, but never taking occasion to attack them. Another interesting and important one is that Ibrahim from the family of Jacob,’ now pre-

‘

served at Berlin

thoroughly represents the

national feeling as exhibited in opposition to the

Rabbanite

school

thought among the Jews.

For instance, he points out the error of the latter of Exod. I am come down 8, as of actual change of place on the part of God, rather than of the direction of His Omnipotence to a certain point so he renders I will stretch out My hand’ (ver. 20) as ‘power,’ imputing in interpreting the

’

‘

iii.

‘

interpretation' of the expression to the

literal

Jews: the Lord repented’ of the evil (xxxii. 14) must signify ‘turned from,’ ‘wiped away.’ This ‘

extreme anxiety to avoid anything approaching

anthropomorphism roundings iii.

23,

may

been

often

pointed its

be seen by his remark on

out sur-

Gen.

Adam, on being driven out from was sent back to Garizim, for from thence

that

Paradise,

has

His desire to glorify Sichem and

before.

Large, extracts are given from this by Geiger in the Zeitsehr.

G. xvii. 723

sq.,

xx. 147 sq., xxii.

532

sq.

—Blgittzed by Google

136

had he been taken. Jered ( ib v. 18) he tells us built Salem Itabtha, the city of Melchizedek, but Achidan built Zion, with regard to which the Jews have a tradition that ‘the Law of Truth shall go forth from Zion and abrogate the Law of Moses,’ but rather perish the Law of Ezra Like a true Samaritan he places Abraham’s sacrifice, !

Jacob’s dream, &c., istic

also

Nablus.

his anxiety

Very

character-

uphold the fame of

Joseph against the charge of having married a daughter of Potiphar or Dinah, and to rescue the great prophet Moses from the imputation of

having postponed the circumcision of his son

means by which he

;

the

a miracle of exegetic ingenuity. So all connected with Moses must likewise have no shadow of suspicion resting upon them Jethro is no idolaeffects

this last

point

trous priest, Zipporah

xii. i),

but ‘beautiful:’

ficient

‘

Ethiopian

— these

’

(Numb,

instances are suf-

give a just idea of the style

'of

his

commentary. Of just the same type is an anonymous commentary on Genesis preserved in the Bodleian Library, brought from the East by the learned Bishop Huntington The great reverence of the Samaritans for all belonging to the priesthood

Hunt. .VS. 301.

by Schnurrer

The

forty-ninth

chapter was published

Eicbhoru’s Repertorium, xvi. 154.

‘

137 has been already noticed, they necessary

severe

hazards

all

felt

with Simeon.

therefore

explain

away the

his son Levi for

Shechemites in conjunction

his slaughter of the

soul,

judgment of Jacob upon

Consequently the words

come thou not

are thus explained,

‘

0 my

into their secret’ &c. (xlix. 6) ‘

they had no occasion to take

counsel of me, for they

knew

that their counsel

was right, seeing that their zeal was righteous.’ So in the next verse, Cursed (inn) be their anger’ &c. is paraphrased, Most excellent (ttn) ‘

‘

their anger,’ or, ‘exceeding

and fortitude

will divide

prays that their strenuousness distributed

Jacob.

their generosity

them

in Jacob,’

may remain and

‘thy father’s children

bow down before thee’ (ver. 8) he remarks, Some weak people interpret it, “ they will bow

shall ‘

towards thee because the Qiblah but this

is false,

of Ephraim.’

ledge of the

not

fail,

for the

Qiblah

is is

thy domain,"

in the territory

He paraphrases ver. io thus, 'knowLaw and obedience towards God shall

or a lawgiver from between his feet

Shiloh (Solomon) shall arise,

who

shall

till

change the

Law, and man}- shall follow him, since they love license and are prone to it.’ In this class must also be included an agadic commentary on the Pentateuch containing Genesis and Exodus, termed the dissipater of darkness ‘

from the secrets of

revelation,’ written in

1753-4

—

- -Btgifeed by

Google

138

by Ghaz&l Ibn Abu-s-SurAr as-Safawi al-Yusufi

and another containing al-MAsawl al-Ghazzi fragments of a commentary on Genesis, Exodus, 1

;

and Leviticus, often quoted by Castellus in his 2 Other notes on the Samaritan Pentateuch writers seem to have devoted their energies to the same subject, but nothing now remains to us For hut their names and the titles of their books. instance. Manga Ibn ash-Shaar is mentioned as the author of three commentaries on the Pentateuch 3 Abu Said of scholia on the Decalogue * Amin ad-Din Abu-l-Barak&t of a commentary on the .

;

same 5

commentaries on the Pentateuch are said have been composed by the celebrated poet, and physician, Sadaqa Ben Mang& Ben Sadaqa ®, who, after living high in the favour :

philosopher,

of al-Malik al-’Adil the

Damascus, died near

Brit.

Ayyubid prince ruling at 1223; by MuhadhAbu Said Ben Khalaf,

it in A. D.

dhib ad-Din Ytisuf Ben

Mur. Add. MS. 19657

;

title

by as his

name

otherwise written,

Mur. Harl. MS. 5495. p. 309

Brit.

’

Aunt. MS. xxv it,

‘

Ibid. p. 315.

(not Lies* or Lii-t,

iSx*

Jlyc

or,

Ls~*. 6

Juynboll,

y) yj— y)

Ibid. p. 314.

Comm.

p. 56) lar-* wrote a commentary on the aphorismB of Hipcf.

pocrates.

—

Google

139

Shams al-Hukamfti, vizier to al-Malik al-Amgad Magd ad- Din Bahr&m Sh&h, sultan of Baalbek he died in 1227 Under the head of miscellaneous theology must be classed a number of works many of which are closely connected with those just described. To this will belong a work of Abu-l-Hasan of Tyre, pupil of the famous tbraliim

and

;

of which the of cookery,’

probably should be the ‘book

title

relating to lawful

i.e.

meats, or ‘of force

2.’

and forbidden dogmas

the peculiar

of the Samaritans as differing from those of the

Jews '

are set forth and supported

by arguments

Jnynboll, Com; nephew Abu- - Hasan Ben Ghazdl Ben

Wiistenfeld, Gcsch. d. Arab. Aerzte , p. 121 Yflsuf's

ment. p. 56.

AbO

Sn’id

history,

was noted

for his acquirements in medicine, natural

and astronomy, composing many books on these sub-

Embracing Islamism, be entered the sendee of

jects.

patron, and later into that of al-Malik as-S&lih

His library

bis uncle's

Ben

Isma’il

who made him

his vizier.

said to have consisted of 10,000 volumes.

Another

al-Malik al-’Adil, sultan of Damascus,

celebrated .Samaritan physician, Muwaffaq ad-Din

pjbi jh*- ^.1

vy-s" yd) lived in wrote a commentary on the canon of '

the

same century

lie

Avicenna (Bndl. MS. Marsh. 464), on logic and theology Wiistenfeld, op.

eit.

144

;

Haji Ivhalfu,

notices of commentaries see below, p. 1

Bodl. Jl;

468.

MS. Hunt. 24;

a. d.

cf.

For other

jj}

r-bJoJI

MS.

;

160, 472.

58.

in Jouru. Asiat. (1869),

appears to have lived some time in the eleventh

century; before

1070

title

see notice of a similar

Cf.

Abu

Sa’id,

Juynboll

who

translated the Pentateuch about

in Orientalia,

ii.

117.

Digitized by

Google

140

drawn from the Pentateuch it treats, e.g. of the dignity and perpetual succession of the highpriests of animals which may be eaten of the sabbath that believers must have a Qiblah :

;

whither they

may

turn in prayer,

i.e.

Garizim

;

of the differences between Karaites and Rabbanites as to the fixing of the

there

new moon

;

of angels

that

;

no distinction of Persons in the Deity,

human nature with

nor conjunction of the

the

Closely resembling this is a work book sufficing to those who satisfy the knowledge of the book of God,’ by Muhadhdhib ad-Din Yfisuf Ibn Salirnah Ibn Yusuf al-’Askari,

divine,

&c.

entitled

‘a

commenced

in a.d. 1041

;

treats of the office

of the priest, of purifications, of tithes, usury, &c.,

thus corresponding

Mishneh Thorah of

the

Maimonides Another work by the same Abu-l-Hasan has come down to us, containing long and somewhat uninteresting disquisitions in proof of a future

life,

with arguments drawn from the Pentateuch 2 In the same class must be included an abridg.

‘

Brit.

^yl^*

vJJl

isjC— -I

Mxit. Add. MS.

19656. (2);

quotca him iu proof of the reason for

why

for a stolen

a lamb fourfold should be restored.

xx. 569. 2

Bodl.

i_>LA

title

by ~.yJ WyJ 4 * The commentator Ibrahim mentioned above

MS. Hunt.

350. (1)

;

title

jUll

Zeitsehr. d.

fivefold,

141

ment of the Mosaic Law according to the Samaritans,’ by Abu-l-Farag Ibn Ishaq Ibn KathAr work occupied in scholastic questions of the KalAin ;

everything according to

be decided

means of logic applied to the Law. The author knows the 613 precepts, 248 of which, equalling the limbs in number, are positive in their character, while the 365 corresponding to the days of the like the Labbanites ;

solar year are prohibitory

he distinguishes between local and temporary com-

mands and such

as are of universal application.

one of the same family, in

probability,

all

work

the ‘book of penitence,’ a

which are

collected together such passages of the Pentateuch

and a reformation of morals,

as relate to repentance

with observations thereupon by the author himself

Paris, Bibl. Nat. Ancien funds,

His name

Peirese.

u—Jij (not j\jS, see Zeitschr. 532-538, when? will be found a quotation from or a similar work given by Ibrahim the commentator on

Ool

il.

D. M. G.

this

xxii.

the meanings of niD and

epN and

JAJ,

;

view

his

also

men-

tioned as to the increase of the Israelites in Egypt and with reference to Moses’

mentary

staff.

The

also).

It is

probable that he wrote a com-

word,’

(‘

‘

discourse,’)

or scholastic philosophy which originated in the second century of the first ‘

Higra

was a dogmatic

among Mohammedans

so called either because it

was occupied with questions with regard

word’ addressed to the prophets, or because

mantiq or

logic.

Arabe, p. 311

;

Cf.

to is

the divine

equivalent to

Munk, Melanges de Philosophic Juive

Guide dcs egares,

335, note

Digitized by

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142

and others of his countrymen *. In the same MS. are other works of miscellaneous character: one treating of the nature of God and man and the worship due to the former by arguments drawn from the Pentateuch, its authorship is ascribed to the Sadaqa Ben Manga Ben Sadaqa mentioned above questions and answers, with interpretations of the Pentateuch 8 and in the same work :

is made to the special enactments of Law’ by Muwaifaq ad-Din al-Gahbadh *:

allusion

holy

‘

may

list

the the

be closed by the mention of a treatise

on the second exile by Ghazfil Ibn ad-Duwaik, followed by two homilies by S&lih Ibn al-Marlulm

Surhr Ibn Sadaqa and by Abft Sa’id s The liturgical remains of the Samaritans are very extensive. They consist of prayers and .

hymns arranged

twelve

parts

for

use

sabbaths and festivals throughout the year, and 1

A mat. MS. xxvil

s«

signs

304:

named

two works

iij-e

Jly*

to him, the

Ibn Abi Osaibi’a or ‘book of

which may possibly be the present MS. (Amtt.

and ajyiJl on

religion,' s

U y\

by ^.1

jjjill

l t

here

surnamed

‘

as-

faith,’

xxvii. p. 223),

y iJU^, or ‘treatise

the treasure which concerns deliverance.’

Ibid. p. 297.

* Ibid. p. 310 x, 4 U ad-Din mentioned above,

ijjly*

not the same as the Muwaffaq

Juynboll, Cumment, p. 139 Journ. Asiat. (1869), p. 458: iJjjJI ciy-J ebjjJl Jl^i i~Jl i—L.JU i-jLill. *

p. 60.

iJUil

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143 also for special occasions, such

marriages, and funerals.

rich stores of the British

Museum

occurring at the end of the

may

as circumcisions,

Several of the former

by Heidenheim from the

have been published

serve as a specimen.

‘

the following,

Litany of Marqah,’

Lord, for the sake of

the three perfect ones, of Joseph the interpreter

of dreams, of Moses chief of the prophets, of the

masters of the priests, of the Thorah,

priests, the

most sacred of books, of Mount everlasting

the

enemy

hill,

Garizim,

the

of the hosts of angels— destroy

and foe, graciously receive our prayers,

O Everlasting, grant us relief from these troubles, open to us the treasure of heaven The hymns of the Samaritans,

their sole poetical

inheritance, are of little devotional or literary merit,

nor does there seem good reason for ascribing any very great antiquity to them, however august and

remote

may

be the parentage assigned to them.

The earliest pieces, so we are informed, were sung by the angels on the occasion of the completion of the tabernacle and the death of Aaron, others 1

Heidenheim,

ii.

487.

The

British

Museum

possesses nineteen

volumes of prayers ami hymns, besides the fragments of from Damascus published by Oeseuius ritans,

and edited again by Kirchheiin

in the

his ‘

‘

liturgies

Carmina Sama-

Karme Shomeron

three ‘prayers of Moses and Joshua’ and five ‘prayers of the angels’ (from the ‘Defter’) are printed in Petermann’s

maiica Samaritana (1873),

Gram-

P- •8 sq.

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;

144

Marqah and Amram Dari who

are ascribed to lived

some time

b.c.,

others again to Ahisha in

the thirteenth century.

have

two

collections,

The present Samaritans call Durbin

which they

string of pearls J and Defter (‘ hook ’), the latter comprising the former, the arrangement of which (‘

they ascribe to the above-mentioned

Amram

Dari

The language in which they are written varies some are in almost classical Hebrew, others in a dialect resembling that of the Targum but with :

an admixture of Arabisms and Hebraisms: to some a translation in Arabic tinged with Hebrew, Aramaean, and Samaritan is appended. The metre also differs considerably peculiarities, containing

some stanzas are arranged

distichs, others in

some poems rhyme the rhythm also varies, that in use among both Arabs and Syrians being employed. From the general style of their composition and the fact that many of the authors bear Arabic names it is most probable tristichs, others

again in tetrastichs

;

are alphabetical, in others the verses

;

that they were mostly written at a time subsequent to the

Mohammedan

after it

Fctcrmann

For

in Herzog,

instance, the

(Heidenheim,

iii.

some

534.

Some

xiii.

cases long

376.

metre employed

Marqah’s Paschal

96) does not seem to have been

the ninth century a.d. xxii.

invasion, in

see Geiger in Zeitsch r.

known d.

hymn before

D. M. (!

of the titles of the pieces published by Heideu-

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145

The Samaritans, following the example of the ancient Jews, calculate their year by the lunar months, and, in order to bring it into harmony with

the solar year and the revolution

of the

seasons upon which their feasts depend, are ac-

customed each year to intercalate a thirteenth lunar month. The arrangement of this, and also

moment

the authoritative fixing of the exact

which the new moon may be considered to have appeared, upon which depended the festival at the

among the Jews

beginning of each month, were

may

lieim

be of interest

e. g. (i.

throughout the year

to be used

catory

hymns

421)

(i.

279, 408) titles of the prayers

one

dream of the

heaven and Eden: the prayer of

with two suppli-

Abischa

(ii.

80),

taken by him to

Gelugah

(ii.

who visit

213): pass-

hymns of Phineas and Elcazar (iii. 94) a passover hymn 474) containing an invocation of the Holy Spirit a prayer

over (iii.

festival

priest

Moses on mount Garizim and

sees

Marqah

Amram

‘there

(iv.

237), and of

Amram

{ibid.

243)

three prayers

390), one ending with the Mohammedan sentence only one God:’ a prayer (ibid. 545) in which are (iv.

described the order and ministry of the angels and the motions of the twelve planets, these being likened to the twelve tribes of Israel.

There

Bill. Nat.,

a volume of prayers and hymns in the Paris

numbered ancien fottds, 4, Peiretc, apparently of the and a liturgical MS. numliered Add. MS. 334,

fifteenth century, in

the Univ. Library, Cambridge, of which the title

kindly communicated to It

.ions

me by Mr.

.nijatrn

.jo

,*or

jon

.mn* .pyi

inrvi>Di

jetc |

dated a.11. ii 85

= a.d.

.orb |

lias

been

Bensly the Sub-Librarian.

.noon

,'jram

.craptm

.p!>m

.owm

.pit?

1771. 1

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146 left in

the hands of the high-priest for the time

being,

and formed, as we have seen before, a between the rival factions

fruitful source of dispute 4

of Pharisees and Sadducees

captivity of Babylon

Till

long after the

probable that actual

observation and not calculation of the appearance

new moon was practised by the Jews 2 The Samaritans, as has been already remarked 3 claim to possess astronomical tables drawn up by the great-grandson of Aaron himself, and every six months the high-priest draws up a calendar of the

for the use of the congregation.

Scaliger

pub-

two such, and De Sacy has also edited one several more MSS. of the kind with a translation lished

have found their way to Europe, one written (a.h. 1164 = ) a.d. 1750, another commencing with 574 of the Jezdegird era

1101

(

= a.d.

1204), written (a.h.

a.d. 1689; a third, which calculates also

according to the Jezdegird era, dated (a. h. 1137 = ) a.d. 1 724 s St. Petersburg also possesses several :

specimens 8

In grammar and lexicography the Samaritans

have nothing of much value to shew. Possessed of little learning themselves and living secluded 1

See above,

p. 38.

See above,

See

See below, App.

Sacy, Not.

Joum.

Extr.

xii. p. 34. 4

p. 125.

Op.

cit.

pp.135, 153.

Asiat. (1869), pp. 467, 468. i.

Digitized by

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147 from their neighbours, enclosed

their limited

they did not imitate the Jews in advantage of any opportunity of self-

circle of ideas,

taking

improvement which latter, as

offered itself to them.

The

soon as ever the system of vowel points

had been introduced among the Syrians and Arabs, eagerly took it up and for centuries patiently toiled the work of improving and adapting it to Hebrew then, dissatisfied with the results of their labour in the Assyrian punctuation, threw it over and took up the one now in use, the Whatever fault may Palestinian, in its place. be found with minute details of the system, of still the warmest thanks scholars are due to those who elaborated it with so much patience and skill for having thus rendered Hebrew grammar possible. The Samaritans attempted nothing of the kind, but trusted entirely to tradition for at

;

the pronunciation of their

Hebrew

Scriptures

;

consequently must have deteriorated and become more uncertain from age to age under the influence of the living Aramaean and Arabic with which it had to cope. Thus matters went on till the tenth

eleventh

century,

when the

literary

activity of the Arabs communicated itself at last even to the sluggish spirit of the Samaritans, and they set about enquiring into and settling the laws of Hebrew grammar. But it was then

too late

the fatal bar of a corrupt and uncertain 1

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148 pronunciation met them at the outset and rendered their efforts fruitless

all

The

truth of these remarks will be seen by an

grammatical treatises

three

examination of

Samaritan authorship which have been published from a MS. at Amsterdam

2 .

The

first

of the three

an extract made by the high-priest Eleazar, the son of Phinehas the son of Joseph, probably is

about 1400 a.d., from the second, a grammar 4 by Abil Ishaq Ibrahim Ben Farag Ben MAruth,

surnamed Shams al-Hukam&i, whose name has already occurred above

connection with his

celebrated pupil Muhadlidhib ad-Din

;

the third

is a tract by Abu Said, probably the famous commentator of that name, intended to correct

the faults of pronunciation prevalent in his time

They are

s .

built entirely on the philological views of

Arabic grammarians, some sections, such as those

on transitive and intransitive verbs, being copied

word for word from their works, but the writers have not proved themselves such apt scholars as Jewish brethren. From their want of a system of punctuation, their varying orthography, their

Cf.

Geiger in ZeiUchr.

By Noldeke

iiiyjJI

in Gotting.

v'US

i .

G. xvii. 718.

Nachrichlen (1862), pp. 337, 385. they are from the A mat. MS. xxvii.

mentioned above, pp. 1-220. 4 Title iill’ ysA J 6

Titles'Ll

^\ji.

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;

149

and the complete or

their language of sounds still written in

they are

uncertain

especially

from Hebrew,

partial disappearance

grammar concerned with

these

the

parts

particulars

;

the

arrangement also of the second of these tracts

some parts, defecOld Samaritan blunders, which tive in others had before been pointed out by Jewish opponents, very unskilful, needlessly

full in

Abb

Sa’Id,

mistaking of n

local

for a post-positive article

recur again

for

instance

the

he also misunderstands the n of the Hiphil, taking Transcriptions of it for a strengthening particle.

Hebrew words

into Arabic,

shewing the Samaritan

pronunciation of the eleventh century, will be found 2 in the anonymous commentary quoted above The commentator Ibrahim, who has been quoted above, does not appear to have made any advance beyond the views held by his countrymen, as far .

one

may judge from

expressed in 1

Iris

work 3

the grammatical views

E. g. on account of the irregularities of npl> a separate

chapter

is ilevoteil

expressed

to verbs

letters

some cases the vowels are

TOUWI, but generally by the three

Arabic vowels which arc naturally unsuited to express the niceties of punctuation

tween great short vowels

and T ) and

a distinction

half- vowels. 3

little (-) fat ha,

sometimes made be-

that between long and

generally overlooked, as also between

See the extracts by Geiger

See above,

in ZeiUchr. d.

full

and

p. 134.

D. M. G.

xvii.

723-725.

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150

So much

Samaritans

the

grammatical acquirements of

for the

seven

eight

ago.

centuries

Their present system of pronunciation has been

made the

subject

enquiry by

an elaborate

Petermann, who has transcribed the whole book of Genesis after the manner in which Professor

now

read in the synagogue of Nablus, to-

gether with a

Hebrew grammar embodying

the

views of the present Samaritans on the subject It is possible that in some points the system now vogue among them may he an improvement upon that invented by the Masoreths 8 but at this period of time it is naturally more difficult

even than in the

(or rather impossible) to decide

AbQ Said how much of the system is due to genuine tradition and how much to Syrian and Arabian influence the enquiry is consequently days of

;

not of

much

practical value

3 .

In the matter of lexicography there

infoimation to give.

with

the

word

corresponding parallel

Published in

herausg. von d. D. *

Noldekc

dictionaries proper

have as yet come to light: at concordance of forms occurring

little

none

Paris there

Arabic

and

Samaritan

columns, and a similar one

Ablutndl.

M. G.

fur

(1868), Bd.

Kunde v.

in the Scriptures

Th.

Morgenlande

GoUing. Nachrichten (1868), p. 485 sq. Cf. Dereubourg in Calieu’s Archives Israel, xvi. 532.

Cf.

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151 preserved at

Cambridge, in which however the

Samaritan equivalent

With

ritans

omitted

Sama-

this account of the literature of the

task

In the notes ac-

concluded.

companying the foregoing sketch reference has been made to all the important works I have met with bearing on the subjects discussed, but not thought

either

have

necessary or desirable

swell the volume by the mention of such literature as has

tlie

now been

superseded by better works, which

Bibl. Nat., ancien fonds, 6 , Peiresc,

it is

Bodleian MS., numbered Podl. Or. 466,

Cambridge MS. (A. II.

1188

)

is in

A.D. 1774, its title

a copy of it: the

It is

DUT,

latter itUNt n:ir, pi’Nti out, is

TDE

^x-Li

out, rur.

it, is

e. g.

OUT

was

MSS.

still

in the in

;

See also the

direction

Ahi

;

’

for the same, called

an anonymous history of the

and, lastly, a treatise on the astronomical

list in

described

above

Zenker, Bill. Orient. (1861),

(p.

ii.

125)

149, 150.

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APPENDIX

The Collection of Samaritan MSS. at

St.

Petersburg.

In the year 1870 the Russian Minister of Public Worship purchased from the well-known Karaite traveller and archaeologist

MSS.

ritan

Abraham Firkowitseh for the Imperial

his collection of

Sama-

Library of St. Petersburg.

It consists almost exclusively of fragments, this circum-

stance

from the fact that the collector during Nablus and Egypt completely ransacked the 1 (that is to say, the garrets and

arising

his stay in

Samaritan Genizoth cellars

of the synagogues whither their worn-out books

were conveyed), thus acquiring several fragments of Sama"ritan

Pentateuch

rolls

The word ilPM

ritan

mcBD,

by Rosen

(

—none of which have Hebrew

before this, to

equivalent

to the

Sama-

seems to be proved by an epigraph quoted

Zeitsch ,

has misunderstood

d. it,

O. 1864,

I give it here

588);

however he

with a new translation:

nx a'jirm njveen nixo tren nx nenipn mtnn mn nn'n foyeep 'x rx mpix metsot pix xb mean iron w: mi 'dv by ex jo mooo ;ibx ^x npi>oi ex ;d CiTDX X'OJl ^VTjn, that is to say, 'This Holy Law was a.h. rrai>ooi>

n’VDntn

598

in the

Matamra,

in a chest

Matamra caught fire, but by passing out of it through

the

Law was

preserved from

the

window

(p^X accordingly must not, with Rosen, be trans-

;

fire

lated ‘oak,’ but be taken for p^n, a various reading for the

same word lord

Gen.

viii.

this

happened

in the

days of our

Buha the high-priest and prince of Abraham.’

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—

154 the writer’s knowledge, ever reached Europe

parchment

MSS.

and

—about

from various

paper leaves

6000

Pentateuch

written in the shape of books, several fragments

of commentaries on the

Bible,

liturgical,

grammatical,

lastly a number of marThe writer of the present notice received from the Minister to make a complete catalogue

and lexicographical works, and riage-contracts. directions

of the collection, and the print

;

the

MSS.

shall

portion of

first

now be

it is

already in

briefly described in general

terms.

A collection

such as the present could on account of

its

fragmentary character hardly have claimed any particular

had

attention on the part of the learned world

known

tained another and better

however when the cerned

whose

literature.

con-

different

literary remains of a people are con-

though

an unimportant one, past comprising thousands of

existence,

extends over a historical

and who now are threatened with extinction a people moreover whose inner life and intellectual activity, though they were early developed, have hitherto remained almost unknown. Every fragment accordingly, however slight it may be, which belongs to the literature of such years,

;

a people has a value of

many

information on

its

own, as being capable of giving

points which

world, especially too at a time

being displayed in the

field

when

interest

the learned

so great activity

of Semitic studies, and an

attempt made to follow the example of Aryan scholars by enquiring more closely into separate peoples and stems, and thus gradually to gain an idea of the whole Semitic race.

In describing the collection, the existing divisions have been preserved i.

;

Fragments

Pentateuch

rolls.

the

first

accordingly will consist of

belonging

None

twenty-seven

parchment

of this kind, as has been already

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;

155 remarked, have hitherto been discovered in any European library, all the existing ones

being in the shape of books

the reason of this appears to be that the Samaritans hold

such

rolls

as especially sacred from their being intended

synagogues, and so will part with them for

for use in the

no sum, however

large, to those of another faith.

Accord-

ingly in 1811 the high-priest Salameh ben Tobiah

made

answer as follows to the request received in a

letter

Abbe Gregoire, that he would sell him two Pentateuchs * As to your request that we would send you the holy book of the Law, we eould

from

the well-known

senator

;

only do so

ye were Samaritans like

us,

observed the ordinances prescribed to you

and had

the Samaritans had already frequently sold

Pentateuch

of the

Valle and Huntingnon possumus of the

(for instance, to Pietro della

ton in the seventeenth century), this high-priest

like us

As however

MSS.

must

‘

’

refer to rolls used in the

synagogue.

may, these fragments have been till now in Europe, and so they are of considerable importance for explaining to us how the Sama-

this as it

known

the only ones

ritans write their sacred

Law

for use in

Divine worship.

Unfortunately, as might have been guessed from the place

where they were found, they are for the most part in very bad condition and as Samaritan palaeography is not yet ;

in a condition to decide

undated MS.,

with certainty upon the age of an

only such as contain dated epigraphs

whose age can be without doubt ascertained. Only six of the fragments contain such notices, and only three of this number have their dates perfect ; one (no. 4) was written (a.h.

599 = ) 1202-3, another

Sacy, Not.

Palestine (1867),

iii.

Extr.

xii.

(no.

25,

10) in

105, 121.

(a.h.

605 = )

So Robinson,

130.

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156 808=) 1405: it is however quite certain that several other fragments in the 1208-9, the third (no. 15) in (a.h.

collection belong to a

much

earlier age.

It is interesting to notice the

ritans

way

which the Sama-

purpose the column of text in the

this

the book lines,

For

insert these epigraphs in their Pentateuchs.

divided

the interval between

the

lines

or page of

roll

down the middle by two

perpendicular

being

vacant,

left

except for the insertion of such letters from the text as serve the writer to compose the epigraph.

the ‘

first

word in general

the writer will wait

will till

For instance,

H 3 N,

be 'ON, or

an N presents

signifying

itself in

or near

the middle of a line of text, he sets this in the space inter-

vening between the two till

he reaches a

lines

in the

and goes on with

middle of a

the same space, doing the like with

the end of the epigraph, which

his writing

line, this

he sets

or H, and so on to

made

thus

to extend

over several columns or pages without a single letter being

added to the text of the Pentateuch, which thus

itself,

to speak, supplies the materials for a memorial both of

the writer and of the person written.

Among

who ordered *

the fragments of about

MS.

the

to be

300 Pentateuch MSS.

written on parchment or paper are to be found the oldest

Samaritan MSS. known in Europe, viz. of a h 57 and 577 , corresponding to 1176-7 and 1181-2; the dated ones however are not by any means the oldest, and it may without exaggeration be asserted, if one may judge from the writing and appearance of the MSS., that some go .

back to the eleventh or tenth century,

The

collection offers the richest spoil for

graphy which throughout

the

to be

world,

met with, not Firkowitsch

not even further.

Samaritan palaeo-

Europe only, but

having

completely

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157 stripped the only archives belonging to the people, the

above-mentioned Genizoth

The

ii.

many fragments

collection contains also

of the

Samaritan-Arabic translation, as well as of the Samaritan 1

The only

literature is 24),

known

paleeographical note

called

^iSl, &c.

iya.

by Gesenius (JIon.

Will

tx»

then follows the usual alphabet,

I’hoen. tab. 3) ‘letters of the

by J uy 11 boll (Book of Joshua) * larger letters.’ be taken in the sense of official,’ or ‘ settled,’ ’

Will

writing.

tYb'x by Gesenius the

&c. 1

Gotha

’

MSS.;’

Wi. ‘

‘

square

‘

Samaritan

an epigraph at the end of a Bodleian MS. (Hunt.

which reads thus, ^Aill

3'3'x

must

abiding,’ so

Lid

nncnp nnimx tna nnx 'n^3t no'ye ncens neon 3x 13 mn' isy 13 vy nsro pnx .3 ii>o x'm byxv'b .p ,n .31 .x nit? njnn m>3 (OX 0'33 '331 D’33b RB^XD .13'bo' nW>HPXl (3 by m.T RX .111X The words HD'yo HECnS may mean ‘tasteful,’ ‘beautiful’ }DX. :

writing, or

may

signify a particular style.

plained the expression catalogue, pp. 49, 50.

pnx

'1^0

I forgot to

I have fully ex-

X'm and the

mention in the text that our

Pentateuch fragments are also of great value for the Samaritan text, as, quite

by chance and without searching

discovered a great

number

Many

for

them, I have

of variations from the Samaritan

text of the Polyglotts which are also of these I mention in

unmarked by Kennicott.

catalogue, the rest I keep

for a special work.

Digitized by

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158 Targum, with the

restoration of

much occupied for Kohn in Pesth,

;

Berlin,

which the learned arc now

instance, Briill in

Petermann and Geiger

Frankfurt-am-Main, &C

in 1

Another division contains smaller or greater portions of several commentaries on the Pentateuch. These are iii.

add

Targum

this place

a collation of some passages in the

edited by Mr. Nutt with a fragment to which I have

not yet given a number, and which the provisional

number put on

accordingly designate by

by Firkowitsch,

Nutt. 9.

D'D 3 nruo 5>

29.

ii.

29.

ii.

rtD'Da

V 3 DJ 1 naira nair

'rtoai

nnara nn[ar]

pmaoji

pn'aiDJi 'tsnai

pcx

pnox 12.

D'D3 (twice)

nD'oa

an nob in -0-6

nanx

mnx

13. D'D 3

nanx

pmaDJi

ru\a

nanx mcS myaai maai> nrn nanx moxb ruvi

nrx an anotb nrx nijnaai nan!)

nmana

aninana ay

i>y

pn' 3 D 31 1

pmaiDJi

aDy nyaaxa

17.

24.

n-oii>

pmaiDJi

nj'x

15-

mab maai> no'oa

an anexi> 14.

nnjo naio:i

10.

aoyaaxa

pan Here

a lacuna. ;

mjn

Digitized by

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;

159 of the greatest importance for a knowledge of the religious

and moral views of the Samaritans, their relations with those of another creed, and their theory of the universe these also possess especial value in the general dearth of their literature as frequently citing fragments of ancient theological, philosophical, poetical,

Num.

pn’ 3 D 31

xxviii. 24. '

and other works h

pn’33031 |ni?B

jn^D

26. tl&D

27.

myi

pinctt 28.

in ib!> in 131b

29.

in i.ice rrinoN

mnx ma^ mns m3ii> mnx moxii matt

31. pmsDJi

xxix.

jpS>D

xxxi. 51.

imp

52-

pn’3iD3i

tnbo

laipi

54- in’Ki xxxii.

’

|’ 3 pl

’31D |N’3p3

|K'3p

’N'D3^

*n’D 3 il

!P»i

fK'3P

rnmncK

(|):(ppn)ra

jjiapn

Especially

foi.

r^pnoi]

p^’

"UP

|[13]K

nbton

13313pn

pSp" pmnbt Nn

pD’nx

interesting

13pm J313

ni>3N

are

writings or poetical productions

the

quotations

in the

from

earlier

Aramaic dialect

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160 the same class belong fragments of Samaritan

iv.

law-books

these are very rarely to be found in Europe

;

MS. F.

quote some passages from

commentary on the Pentateuch 133 »jJj jl npio

rash-like

—-I

(1) iJJl

130N D'nksi D'OI ,T13

lin

1131

word

}3«3

doubtful, can

pi>m

,130

known,

well

The

the Samaritans.

be for p3N3

JjiJ

jtra

hymns among

Jy&il

|3”3

‘I’yptrO

mi i'i>o pryo ptn mat iin 'o 13b Marqa and his son Nana were, ”tvi

nny:i 13i?1.

[1 nil

pyeo

itsnp

noi>n

nnn3i

13S

person might say he had

The phrase !TO1 IQ^n

a bit of the Sohar before him.

Jic Jjj

eJJi

im-

portant for the interpretation of 10*^13 in the Samaritan Tar-

gum

shews that the latter word copy of the Hebrew '1X3 as many people supposed. (Gen.

xli. 2),

no mere

Moreover

I’etermann in his edition has not the word in question.

— y

(3) i_oJ

131 1313

Jji!

i3i»3 n3i3 itro .

Dp3

Dl*

y npio

by DJtp

N13

by ri3n3

but

Among in

ftoi3 p^yn' 1N3!>N1 Noi>N3 ns'

NDl 3^n^K i'v

nod

^1yi}

»JUI

iniiiwi not?

works written

which

aUi Xiy

JJI

have also col-

in the Samaritan

I reserve for myself.

the law-books are some fragments written in Arabic,

Samaritan characters,

1 'ioniift

*»*»•»

D'li>N

lected fragments of philosophical dialect, the publication of

y»j —

j^JLc

131ft

av leu

icn

[sic]

pODp3 'ni>f
tti

K313J!

;

here

is a

specimen

1'iDn^tt 3tN

itrc^tt ;n

Jjij

fto,nntt3

NOl 113^N N01 irQ^N KOI KCD^N

11N0 ondpn iy[3]iN

ynm no NO

ni3d

N13

'by ik'd^ni pyi>N ndi i'3i>N

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161 The

contains fragments of grammatical

fifth division

works and of Hebrew-Arabic ntan

These

dictionaries, or Tardesche-

by Samaritans

as they are termed

(Interpreters),

and Arabs.

much

last are of so

greater importance,

because in the only example of such a dictionary hitherto

known

to exist

at the

commencement

that preserved in Paris

fragments

(N,

and half

three letters

are

*****

and now fortunately 3 .

may

ini

mnxB^x dxdpxi

xoi

nniipa

ni'nDn mb' xn nxixeota

nroa moo my mxai Do»ei>x mnxB^N x'rx^x p no^xn

[?]umc$>x vn iron nnxBi xcb n'iino^to feynDo^x xd^x im nDxji n's ni>n '"6x

missing,

be supplied from the present

nd >x 5

nDxii^x 'by

ps n^am

ini

't-x

no'aai

nnxi>n

dpb mnxia Dili’ xd xmci jxninxa dt^ xo xnm nnxi>ni>xa |xn;nx3 m^xi ynt naan nb'i> 'ip ^no mnxia dj> '-6nb no xob 5>no nxPnbxi ni>xi arm njnvn >no & c. :

[But see above,

[See above,

’

These dictionaries are termed in Samaritan

p. 151.

151.

J. \V.

N.]

N.] in Arabic

there are six fragments in the collection ;

(2) F. v. 7

;

(3) F. v. 8

;

(4) F. v. 9

;

(5) F. v. 10

;

(6) F. v.

;

leaves,

1 leaf,

from 2X to 3 S?y. from yc'ax to lien.

from "pax to ';nx.

2 leaves,

from

E’BJ to ni>y.

The only copy which has the beginning lowing inscription on the title-page

vy*

sll J

ij' [1]

^ — I

L-j

L»

Juil JJb

viz.

;

21 leaves, from 7 ' 3 X to ')> 3 2 leaves, from D'nbx to 131 N.

(1) F. v. 7

J li

[sic]

dJlj

J_^

±Jj}\

lju»

'y+*- ]y*j

cr*'

perfect has the fol-

^1 cW' ^ r-

ct*'

**» f\

[ ]

^-Ul

cfc.

Jill

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162 vi.

In this

works containing

class are

historical matter,

not only the already edited Book of Joshua and Annals of Abulfath, but such as have never yet appeared

;

fabulous tales of the birth and death of Moses vii.

some

entire,

for instance, *.

belong several astronomical works,

this division

some imperfect.

These are unique of their

kind, for as far as the present writer knows, no public

Europe has any such to shew*; from them alone however can we discover how the Samaritans reckon library in

Two

their time, arrange their feast-days, &c.

eras are

employed by them, one dating from the entry of the Israelites into Canaan, and the other from the Persian king Jezdegird: two more are also used, most frequently

Mohammedan, and, much less often World as for instance

the

Creation of the

At the end of tp

the following epigraph

j AAll

jLjlII

dp"

eP-'

ip.'

‘-Ac

J!/*

ert

ip’ *-*^c

IP*'

From

the

first

its

"AA'

^L-ill

jJlj

LJa-U

wo,Kl

jii

the author of the Meliz

this gives us

no information

composition, ns there have been very

full

«jGj

gIpc fP’vA'

JGj An Jlr1^

that

aJIj

2P; [PD; 2ipy;

partly, it will be observed,

Hebrew, and

partly Arabic.

Digitized

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164 though

cine,

Some fragments

ritan authors. also

doubtful whether all belongs to

it is

Sama-

of historical works have

found their way by mistake into this division.

In this are contained, according to a rough

ix.

list

made of them, fragments of 276 MSS. of a liturgical written on 6300 leaves, partly composed in Arabic also. The knowledge of Aramaic idioms in general,

character,

and of the Samaritan the

small

collection

from

dialect in particular, gained

hymns published by Gesenius

and Heidenheim, makes one long to of Samaritan hymns and prayers in

sec the

whole cycle

print, at all events

such as are composed in Aramaean; then only, when this

done, will

be possible to bring out a Samaritan

The

dictionary worthy of the name.

at least twelve quarto volumes, of

contained

Museum should persed among all ;

—Rome, —ever be united,

By means however

dis-

Paris,

still it

make up

British

now

the libraries of Europe

London, Oxford, Berlin, Gotha copy.

to the

the various parts which are

never be possible from them to fect

said cycle consists of

which the twelfth

MS. 19019 belonging

in Add.

will

(auftreiben) a per-

of the vast number of

fragments belonging to the St. Petersburg collection one

may hope

fill

these lacunae, and so

of the whole cycle possible

with certainty fully

;

though

this

make an

more carewith those of other European

very imperfect idea will be gained of the liturgical

hymnology

of the Samaritans

from a study only of the speci-

mens published by Gesenius, Heidenheim, and Petermann.

Some

quite lately by

that have never been edited are far from

heavy, and not without a certain poetical vigour. is

edition

cannot be decided

these fragments have been

examined and collated

libraries 1

till

from Cod. Firkovnbsck,

iii.

The following

aed by-Google

165 x.

The

twenty-two documents

last section contains

Arabic relating to

matters, and ranging from the

civil

seventeenth to the nineteenth century, about seventy con-

and

tracts of marriage, tracts,

As regards

six amulets.

nx |

the con-

none had hitherto been discovered older than the

memorandum

seventeenth century, and Firkowitsch in a 'es3

n'eon

omi nepn '3iy p neoa rein pnx 'eixa 'enpo ienpD3 |

y'eio nx

'b |

ney

DD’ei |

These are a few lines from the eighth part of the Samaritan liturgy

( Berlin , Coll.

Petermann, No.

piyv*>

men

n3'3DD id'd lynei

m n:3

m i^oa '3D

nryn

pxi

'ix

ibo3 no’n

Sea

men

tam

np!>

np^n

B'yem npi>n

jnaenn

i>n:

neos by iD'n

vp pxi

neinpn

Di'n 'naio

inpn

bttb vp

VP PXI

I hope very soon to publish a

men

np^n

minn '30 p'mnx xen men np^n

pxi

’33x iD'ni

a separate work.

men

'3iy

i>xi>

xiyn npi>n

'em xS iD'n men npi>n ^xb e' pxi neo oe *30 pmnxi

m 'i'

men

nm w

*un '33

'T bxb e' pxi *exi by xip' p'tn

xeio

iD'n

bxb vp pxi

B'yem

nona

|i>

myma i33i men npi>n

xcon

n:x iD'n

bub vp pxi

idh 3 Dvn 'i'

no'

noca iD'n

bub

nxat 3py'

hi vie' bv

ni'y innoxi ivp'nx

itiot npi>n by

XDon unon 'nam

npi>n

i>n3 jna 13 D'b

'33n

men

npi>n

'33' '3X1' JO

good deal of similar matter

;

166 attached to the collection asserted that the Samaritans had

none

till

traveller

this

time,

how

when they

compose

learnt

them.

from a Karaite

This

however

present writer

one dated (a.h.

916=) 1510-11, which was

him among the fragments the collection

found by

of a Pentateuch belonging to

Before this nothing had been brought

out but two badly copied specimens by Wilson

whole

not long ago published

mistake, as the

number should however be

each begins with a solemn

hymn

edited,

specially

first

2 .

The

because

composed

for

the occasion, which accordingly offers a new Samaritan text and secondly, because the names of persons and families are of special interest, and present rich materials for a

Semitic Onomasticon 1

1 5

3 .

In ffameliz, 1873, no. 8, pp. 62, 63. The Ijand* of the Bible (1847), ii. 689-695. I here communicate some personal

names from contracts of The appended numbers betoken the years (a.h.) when Of women’s names the following are of interest: moi’K (1068, 1103, 1134, 1181), (1209, promarriage.

the documents were written.

bably identical with the foregoing), |Nn2¥N (1132), roifl (1:48, 1158, 1191, 1202, 1216), !T2Sn (? with the article, 1181), mnt (‘moon,’ (1149),

x ),

mins

p^>D (1084), 1194),

rmjn (1170), n'3«n (1142), ncD2 (1134), irinsa

(1118, 1148, 1218),

Nnw

(x 14

(1220, 1268),

rwx

nano (1177), mDio (1180), npnv (1161, 1164, 1175,

(1242),

(JI98, probably the same as the

HBV (1158), nn 21 (1118), TBt?D n 2"' (‘ very beautihoi, 1154), nn (1101), mxt? (1203, mt? (1165, both probably identical with me), r6t? (1211), nrr6tr (1244), nr6e (1124, 1143, 1146, &c.), nota (1146, 1209), mot? (1191), iron (>223), nc’en (1244), noun foregoing), ful,’

1118), pn2"> (916,

1234),

(1149, 1168), r\Bl;n (1211, probably the same).

Of men’s names I

will

mention

—mitT

(1149, 1168, also a

167 The

collection contains also the following objects

(i)

case for a Pentateuch-roll

made of brass

with a variety of

Samaritan and Arabic proverbs

figures,

plates

and adorned ;

the capital of a column found on Garizim, taken possibly from the old Samaritan temple there ; (3) the stone tablet

(2)

from the Samaritan synagogue inscribed several

at Nablus,

by Dr. Rosen and

Prof.

liturgical

Rudiger

A. Harkavy.

Dit.

tpti’J'H 13 y (1103, in6, (1180), probably in imitation of the Arabic JJ1 a - c ),

woman's name), 1191,

on which arc

verses of the Pentateuch for

purposes, as described

(fcc.,

(ann nay (IIOI, 1209, probably the same as n:tDCn), ruun 13 y ( 1

142,

190, &c.), n'CTtiVny (t 19

me (1273), The

TVV (1209,

1 2 1 1,

1248),

nnomay (1168,

1244),

woman’s name).

&c., also a

family names most frequently occurring are nriDYl (also

written nnstn), patriarch), *IQD,

(it 18),

iTCm

nnom TmD,

nnonn

12Y:

(1068, 1084) used; can

(also

nnoiy), rtiWD (not the

once occur

mDS

Tlie expression pttn

(1244), &c. it

mean

(1158), 'ttnans

'M2 [D1

‘priests of the altar

twice

Com-

1’

pare also the family names mentioned in Neubauer’s chronicle.

There

a specimen of a letter of divorce to be found

Mus. Add. MS. 19956, f. 96. [In the Cambridge dictionary described above, marriage contract, dated

A. H.

1188, between

^Aill fij—

dwelling at Joppa, and the daughter of

t^kil

in Brit.

151,

of Nablus.

In a later account Dr. Harkavy draws attention to some more peculiarities of

Samaritan Pentateuchs.

the birth of Moses

In Exodus

related, the following epigraph

ii,

where

inserted

no^y V310 Hail to the 'Almah (Jungfrau) and to her offspring !’ Exodus xiv or xv generally has the title .Tin' n'3lp 'yvi3 The Lord is Victor in fights.’ J. W. N.] "l^TiN nci

‘

Zeitschr. d. D.

G. xiv. 622-634.

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APPENDIX

II.

The Massekhelh Kuthirn, or Tract on the Samaritans'.

the usages of the Kuthirn, in some they re-

semble heathens, in some

Israelites.

women

Israelites,

do not accept from

them who has been

afflicted

nor trespass-offering,

them vows and free-will offerings to acquire immovable property 3 sheep for shearing 4

standing

but

sell

nor calves •

0 ,

let

them have

nor

cattle for killing.

still

them large cattle though wounded, nor foals, but we let them have cattle that are wounded

have mostly followed the text of the Massekheth Kuthirn

which the reader 3

but we receive from we do not suffer them nor do we sell them

nor crops to cut, nor timber

to be found in the Mishnah, Tosifta,

them

woman among

amended by Kirchheim, but many important

‘

roost of

after childbirth offerings of doves or pigeons 2

sin-offering,

do not

but

man

with an issue or from their

variations are

and the two Talmuds, for

referred to Kirchheim's elaborate notes.

Lev. xv. 14, 29. Because they might

D3nn tS (Dcut vii. 2 sell it to heathens shalt not shew mercy upon them ’) was read by the Rabbis Thou shalt not settle them Bab. 'Aboda Zara, 20 a. They might sell it to heathens, and so the first of the fleece :

Thou

Djrin *

’

‘

(Deut. xviii. 4) might not be given to the priests;

regard to crops 5

so with

also.

Lest they might have a claim upon the ground

;

Bab. 'Aboda

Zara, 20 b. 0

As they might

sell

or lend

them

to heathens,

provisions of Exod. xxii. 9 sq. not be observed.

and the

169 beyond the

possibility of

We sell

a cure.

them no weapons we neither we give and borrow

4 nor anything which could damage persons

give nor take wives from them, but

we let them have the gleanings, and and that which is forgotten, and the corners of our fields they too have the same custom with regard to that which on usury with them

;

forgotten and the comers of their

relied

upon

to carry out all these practices in their proper

time and the tithe for the poor in their trees

year

its

2 ;

the fruit of

held for untithed, as that of heathens, and their

instrumentality in the

and are to be

fields,

may

daughter of Israel

nor suckle her son

Erubh

‘

’

as if

3 .

woman woman may perform

not deliver a Samaritan

but a Samaritan

done by heathens

these offices for a daughter of Israel in her (the Israelite’s)

house

;

ritan

Israelite

Garizim.

may circumcise a Samaritan, and a Samathough R. Jehuda says a Samaritan he circumcises in honour of mount

Israelite,

should not do

so,

for

We may

stand a beast in the stable of a Sama-

ritan or hire a Samaritan to follow

and tend our

give a son in the charge of a Samaritan to teach

cattle

him a

s ,

trade:

and converse with them everywhere, as is not the case with heathens. A Samaritan suffers the halisah from his sister-in-law 6 and gives a letter of divorce to his wife he may be trusted to bring such from beyond the associate

The following

sea to an Israelite. sell

to them,

are things

—that which has died of

torn, abominations,

reptiles,

Lev.

Every third year; Deut. xxvi.

See above,

xxiii.

;

As she might he

Exod.

xxii. 19.

we do not

what has been

Deut. xxiv. 19.

p. 34,

itself,

the abortion of an animal,

note

12.

rearing the child for idolatry. *

Deut. xxv.

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170 Into

oil

mortally

which a mouse has

and a

ill,

Israelites,)

foetus,

an animal that

fallen,

(though these

because in so doing

last

two arc eaten

we should be leading

And

as we do not sell such things to them, we buy them from them, as it is written, God 1 ;’ inasmuch as thou art holy, thou shalt not make another people more holy than thyself. A Samaritan may be

into error.

so neither do ‘

For thou art a holy people to the Lord thy

trusted to say whether there

not a sepulchre [in

a field], or of an animal whether

of a tree whether also

four years old or

first-born or not, still

regard to spreading trees

nor stones projecting from walls,

nor with regard to the land of the Gentiles field in

impure, and

credible with regard to grave-stones, but not with

3 ,

nor to a

which a sepulchre has been ploughed up, inasmuch

these things their belief

open to suspicion.

they are not to be trusted in a matter in which their

fine,

belief is ii.

open to suspicion.

We do

not buy meat from a Samaritan butcher except

such as he himself

eats,

nor strings of birds unless he has

first

put them into his mouth

offer

them

Israelite,

;

Deut. xiv. at.

They can be trusted with regard

are distinctly

marked

as before

not enough that he

now they have been

to grave-stones, as these

not with regard to a spreading tree or

a stone projecting from a wall,

under which a dead body might

have been buried ; these would be considered by the Rabbis as a tent, and cause pollution to any one sitting below. ritans are not of this opinion, and so their testimony

The Samawould not

be received, as they would naturally be careless in the matter. 3

Probably because the Jews would hold

for unclean,

which

the Samaritans would not do.

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171 suspected of giving us to eat

Samaritan and regard to

all

what had died of itself. A the same footing with in the Law an Israelite

are on

Israelite

damages mentioned

who. kills a Samaritan, or a Samaritan who goes into exile

he have done

purpose, he suffers death

kills

unwittingly

;

Israelite, if

of set

the ox of an Israelite gores

the ox of a Samaritan the master escapes

free,

but

the ox

of a Samaritan gores one belonging to an Israelite, should it

be the

first

offence, half the 4

damage

paid

;

should

warning before have been given, the whole 2 R. Meir says that if the ox of a Samaritan gores one belonging to an Israelite, whether for the first time or not, the whole :

damage must be paid, and as if the animal had been of the best. The cheese of Samaritans is allowed R. Simeon Ben Eleazar says that of householders only, while that :

of dealers

forbidden

priests of Israel

in Samaria,

hood is

may

and presses are

for-

share with the Samaritan priests

inasmuch as they

their property Israel, in

their pots

make wine and vinegar with them.

bidden, because they

The

are, as it were,

thus rescuing

from their hand, but not in the land of

order not to establish their claim to the priest-

a Samaritan priest while unclean

eating to an Israelite, but not

may

give what he

he be clean

3 .

buy

no bread from a Samaritan baker at the end of the Passover until after three bakings, nor from householders three Sabbaths are past, nor from villagers

made 1

three times

When

till

has been

this to he observed?

When

8 city of refuge; Xumb. xxxv. 25 sq. Exod. xxi. 36. Because what he eats when unclean must be a common, not

To the

a holy thing. 4

See Kirchhcim's note.

Leavened bread baked during the

Passover was forbidden.

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NUMBERS XXXVI. Diipb 'Mai

2-9

an pna ntrja in i*na

[e\D]v

btntr* an*? nnnnN *trtn n*n*D:> anpbi ntro nnben nyit* n* paS nm’ ips *m n* naxi rv pab mrvn ipsa ’nn b^itr* an ? rntm ana mb pa nronb pin# mobs nabs mbs p pnnbs isnna pcab btntr* an *an:r ;

pnb pn nantr nabs by *pnm (i):nnnx anb nbm* *n* pi ii*nrv (l)jnnbs insaai pnb pn nantr mbs by pmbs *pnm bjntr* pnnbs ivnn* (i)jnnnx antr rubs pi nin* ia*a by baity* an n* ntra ipsi nbb[aa] p pbbaa fpv an antr i*str ia*ab .*

pna»yn [nab] ia*ab

p* pmn»

ptrnb

antrb

msb? n:nb mn*

[one?]

pnb pn

ipsi

ptsab

antra btntr* anb [rubs] ’(in)Dn xbi

an *pnpT nnnn» antr n[nbsn]

(inn) :

sbn

bjntr*

an *ansr p nnbs nm* m[n bm] b*m nnt»

f[ini**i]

So MS., apparently.

So MS.

So MS., apparently.

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NUMBERS XXXV. 24—XXXVI.

83 >4

by no"T« 'biNn

n’yo pn nntwo pjn’[i]

p rryo n* nnooo pvon pbxn non nobpo *nnpb nniioo nn* poryo noiN nn' mron ran mno mo "tv nn nvn pnb omn [p] nbiop po* pso pi nenp ntyon

biNO

biNn

-tn

poy*r

nn*

ypcyo

pnb

lobpo

poy-r

*nnp

bopo nobpo 3 nnp oinno in'? nonN 28 [n]npn (i)bn din nb n*b nbiop rn* noiN n:no mo irai non mno mo ny nn’ nobpo [n]n:nD yoxb nbiop nry* non 2 9 bon [p]omb rrnmb pob pbN pm bopm pnnD [o]o*ob tysj bop bo ponno 30 nbopnob tyson ON’ pb n]n nnDi nbiop 3, Nbi nbopnob n’n ?-*inn biop trmb [mbo] pnDn bop(n’) bop pbn] v [pnyb] mbD pnon s*d jno b 3 i anab b 3 i parvaen pro* jpnb(n)on D(¥’p)n |ko bai '(pin)n nniy :

’-mb ion mjna ntybsb ntya naai :mn* npsn [n]nmn nmta nanpb lbyn mi ntym [n’]i nDDa nn nam n* pi bby-r bbaa ba» nni< 3 N [hi] mo’Dp rru *02 pa ’ami pnayn moa pnayn nnua bby Kbn bai nbno’ nnai panm n^yrnty nova pa’ypn pynni nnntyob pby’n nanpb ibyn nb’n naab mna nrybtf ’nasi rnb’n

nbnifl

mua

nnimn nmta n» nbmo n*i ncru mi nsDa mi nam rv nnua bbyn bbaa ba mxaK ma’Dp

ntya

npo*r

m mua

nbnD’ nnj »aa pa ’ami pnayn :n’aa pnayn mua bby xbn nnntyab pby*n nnai panm nxy’ajy nava

bai

pa’ypn pynni :

’

So MS. apparently. The words from here

to verse 25 are not in the

Hebrew.

Digitized

Google

NUMBERS

XXXI.

3-16.

who

pay

by ttaann nnai ay fa bjntr* pnaa paja uu na'ab nay cay ntya bbai : pnaa mir napj fnab by pnn nVnb banty* ’aajy bab noajyb t\bx naacyb t\bt* ^ba btfnty’ ’sbxa ri[DD]tn : nVnb pnbc?n b’n a’lae t\bn iDvnn naatyb tin* nban na D[nj’3 n*i] pn» nVnb naatyb *\btt ntra n^np [n»ai] nb’nb mna ntybN rumn

.•

* 5

mnm

"rpan

by ibap

mpa

naa

oba

nn mx

"ny

ibap [mya] na ayba

m mpa um ba ba

n»

m na m pnana ba nn

pnnnmaa p»nnp

: anna 'pnbsa nra pb»n

laen*

b#nty’

pnnnp ba

by iVnnto rrn nan ba ibapi ncya

7 »

Dpi nn -nt* rr pn’bap pa oba nntyan yan

rv[i]

foL 38.

«°

nn'N)n ba n* lawm nua rrpiK pn[n’D] » n»b imo jnnonaai neaio naNDa ba nn i» b*nty* na ntwa ba "rbi n:na nryb# n*bi nva nnntyab nn’tun nn naNDa nn n’acy n» :

nnena 3

inn’ prv byn atoo nypab & a ps»i n:na ntybai : nnntyao nab paiaub

nmtta aam n'sbs aan nb n nnapa ba pn’Kin nab ntya pnb nato nanp

b’n p. :

bai

'»n*Dj

a(a»n)a by ntya ram 4

mnn

After pnbeta on marg.

After 'ITD3 on marg.

Tliere

. .

*4 *5

i«

i>jn.

3Q^K.

a line over O' in 'JO'HD.

So MS.

Digitized by

Google

NUMBERS XXX. 6— XXXI.

77 6 fto

pop*

nmi nbD*

n»M

bo nyotyo

rnDNn nnDNi dvi nn* moN y[oo* by

pop* n b

nsrsi by

mu y]oo

noDNu nnDNi

’in jni nn* ptok yoo ibn nb by rmDNT nnmoD tsme ’n [n*]by nnui ntrsi nb pnem nyopo dvi moo yoem bo popn ntyfiji by mDN-r nnDNi j[iop* bo]on nn* yoo moo y dip dvo dni [n* [nfiDNt nmoNOD ems ’n mbyn nb nbo* ntroi by [n]jM)j by mDNi bo n[po^o]i nboiN nui

mDN

noob *nn

[*n]

[moo]

pnty(n)

nnDN

fol.37. b.

boi

moo

:n»by

op*

nooi by odn : nyiotro bo popn* nn* yoo >ib nb

yosri

pn* boo* bioo

rmab

'n*ON pn

|ni

nmoNDD

pop* nroi by rmDsn

piso bo nyotyo

dvo moo

[mm] pboo moo pop* Nb ntyw oDNbi vai n[o]Nboob udn nyiotr boi mi bo nb pnen pno’o [ni niboo* mooi mop* moo n» *n nnrra bo n* O’pn Dvb dvo moo nb nb pnti’ nbn pn* D*p[n] rvbjn nnDN bo [nyo>’D dvo nyotyo nno pn* boo’ bioo jni noiy ry bopn n* mn* upon m*to pbN nniN’ouo nmob on poi nnnNb noo po ne?o nbD’

16 17

:moN x*xi.

00 nopi Dpi

no’ob 1

ntro

oy mn’

n*oo

bboi

So MS.

Digitized

Google

NUMBERS

XXIX. 30— XXX.

primal paVcy my nyniN ms? an pino# 30 pm paaan nnnaNVi mmiV misV pmniDJi nVy mV mVDV -rn pry maxi a ;

mnn

nyncr pis nNy’nty

nnmoi navm

my nynm

mtr an

nnsV

pina# pm pnoiDn pnmai I’sin

mnn

nnmai

paVcy

piaan rnnettVi

p mV

nVy

mniDii

mmV mVDV .*

pry

noiD:[i]

pnV ’in n(my) ntu’an navn[i] pi[p nVy] pmpm p-rnyn >jV nmny racy an pi[naN m] mi in is mn’V nmiV nioV pmniDai pnmai* rpaVcr nyncr fyV[s Vn]

msxi pm piaan nnaaV nnmai mnn nVy p mV pnmnn pnnma mV pmyian mn’V pmyn [n]iVDV

pVN

nasi :

pn’aVtrVi pnoDaVi tfmnn]:aVi

ncya rr

anV

man^

Vaicr*

«.».

pnnVyV

*«.

ipsi Van Vnict’ anV ncya ’crfn

cay

ncra

Wai

ipsi nVVaa p Pa’aV []a] inn Vy idk iD’aV nymcy ynncrn in mmV na :my’ nasa ps’i Vnn rVa ner r5

nnn* nVy non nn nnoxV nvx nivnn jtiVdV nn pry mevi nnip m’V nmmra pn’ODM pnoyn’ mnn nVy oy mmV :

;

noy nyonxo nxonp nmo .in pn rnno’V dv noy rnntyonoi mn’ ? pon nxonp novo rpVo’n moo pov nyoty pnp ponpm pram xV nmoy pVo Vo o*np nyoen nn non pnn pmn oo poo mn’V nVy nVD pnmoi poV pn’ poVty mty oo ponox nD£3 nnn’

is 19

piDy pnm 00V ai

poiDy

nyotrV nn nnoxV :

nnVn ntyoo nD’DO

moy moyi

mVoV nn

[pO’Vy nJnVDoV

pry

[pnjoyn nonV

o’om

[n’jonox

pnoyn * [njonn nVyVn mov nVy p 00V M onV n’ov nyoty pnoyn dvV pVxo pVx pnoyn’ rrnn nVy oy mmV mnn nnV pnp

M. 3S .b. 33 n»

Vo poV

*n* cynp po*r

nxy*otr novoi

pmoDn

pnoyn xV nn»oy pVa mn’V nnnn nnjo pomoopxo nmoo 'ovo xV nn’oy fyVe Vo poV *n» crop pen po’yntro poo mn’V mnn nn pnp nVy ponpm pnoyn nyory row »p pnnox nn non pnn pmn oo :

ntyoo rnD’Do

nVD pnmoi

;nn nonV piDy 39, 30

o’ovi

nnnox 1

pnm

poV pn* poVtr nn 00V pmDy mnVn :

nyotyV nn nnoxV oiDy mDyi

Before DV3 on marg.

, ,

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Google

NUMBERS

XXVII. 23— XXVIII.

n* iodi

v*?y

nnty:s

13.

DmpVi runs

*?s

»3

n ? noNi : n^o nxs nirr bban nos rnnpsi p p^Nn n’sbo pnn ? nin* nsyn rn* nn YJ*y n? pn nsy nnNn nnaisbo Vs ? mrv nsy* ps irson Kin psn ?# mn* V?n pmo bmn «™- *. no’o ? ncyo ay mn* V?oi us n* nps nn finp^ von ? usnp n* pn ? no*m ^ancy* pr pn ? no*m v[ist]s 'b nsnpo ? pnon *nun 3 po^ty ruty us pnnox mn* ? psnpnn msnp nnnoK n* :n*nn rnby nr*? pnn 4 nsyn mtyon u*s nsyn mun nnnoN rnn msxs myisn ntyos d*d[s] nmoV nVo nnKD moyi 5 nnV u*d mos mnsy n*nn nby m*N « nn] nnot* ? ru’K myisn vson mnf’ ?] pnp 7 [nnnoK] nn mn*S onn *spo *sty ntrrp[s 8 *msDJSi nnsx nmos* mtyon u*s nsyn mun w «• nnsity dvsi :mn*V mnn n*n pnp nsyn » n^D pniDy pnm f’oVtr ruty us pnnoK pn 'nsnys nsity n by vsdh ntyos d*ds nmo*? 10 1

pmson nn*nn n*?y by " rn^y psnpn ps’nm ’^msi :

us pns

rnysty ruty

ntyos d’ds ntyos D*Ds ntyos d’ds 1

us pnnot* nn nsm pn pmn nn:o n^D pmDy nnVm po*?ty rnmo n*7D pmoy pnm nn ns ? nmo n*?D moy niDyi :nn nsn ? :

These two verses are in Deut.

iii.

Apparently altered from VDD 333

After mn'b on marg,

, .

21, 22.

N^T

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Google

NUMBERS

10 11

r\'b

XXVII.

1 ?

9-22.

tony* »n pi nmi nmbe n* p:nm nb D’nN n*7 rrb pi vnttb nrubs n* panni pntt n’S pi jvik ’nxb nn^i n* pjnm nS mpi rrvoy ? nmSs n* panni vnttb pi rrmb btoty* »jab *n[n]i nn* m*»i nmo tntyo n* nm* ipsi noi n*

kok

•j'yon

»may no ? pd

^boi io’o ? cyo oy 1 ton»» in ? in* [*]3Kn nyiK n* *?ni pin noi nnN *p noy by [BNi]nm nn[*] *rnm inoi no'o n* pnnoi Tin» pnt* [tw]mtn

pn’yyb n»oi ’nenpo ? nntni ninani pf enp mruvn *o mn* Dy ntyo Sboi pf

•a

•

pit*

moa

*73*7

nmi

mrr

pnbtf

ips*

id’o ?

pn’onpb Sy*n pmoiip ? ps’i nntyn by 111 [mya] nm* nw 3 *nn nVi py?Ky*n [papjeni *yi pb n**n pi -11 ytyin* n* ~\b ntyoS nm* icni» nmn [mu] D’pm vby yrtt n* -|ODm nntwa bD DiipSi nmi nybte coup ? nn* *7*111 vby Ttw p.i’j’yV -nn* tpsm p irybN DTipbi btr\v' *n ntyn bn pyoet* nm* cup ? nn*(m) S*n nb bic^’i Dip* *31 bn Kin by” mo’o byi ps* mo*o by ipn noi ntyo nyi nntyil bn noy btnty* it ybt< Diipb no’pm ytym* n* ini nn* nm* :

‘

30 2 1

Before iCNl on marg. tiDt??

t|P

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Google

NUMBERS

XXVI. 60 — XXVII.

ximax ana n» pnx ? nVnxi pnnx pno ximaxi ana rroi nornx nry^x rr pma’ao 11m mn* Dmp ? nxna c*x pnianpxa (n^n by^i m* nao nan *?a ef?x poyi nnbn fV? aw x ? (n)*7n Vxna?’ un laa iaonn x ? 1

«° 6

rn* laon

pVxai

nana mybxi ntro

*a’ 3

p*?x

inn’ pn* by axio nypaa ^xnty*

«j s+

nana pnx? ntro *a*3D0 tyax pn ? mn’ not* (njbn ’3 *d nanoa Sxnir* nVx naa pnao nmn(x) xbi manoa pma* pa na yenmi naa* na aba fx na nv^a na nan na nna^v rnaa *anpi

’3a it iaan 1

;

«5

na rncyao pa ? nsyao na n*a[o] invnm [na*70] nban nyai nbna nnaa nno & DnipVi n:na [n?y*7X] omp ?! n^o Dmp ? *opi 1

mo’o ? nyio 1

xxvu.

^di*

f’^Ni]

nnna [nneua] bai rn*n*D3 nntwa laa mn xb xim nnanoa n’O faiax* rvo n[’]ona l^n nnp (nty)aaa mn* by lmoxn nb mn tib paai faiax faiax oty nxam no ? na*7 D nanD 1 a ? an na n ? n'b V?n nana labo Dmp ? pan rn* & anpxi faiax *nx laa

^.nx

*>..«.

;

naa

min’

maty nova ? ntyo oy mn* bboi laa na*?e rnanD pn ? fnn f[no] fbVoo nnabv Dyi pn ? pmax naSa n» naym pnnx *nx '

«, 7

After n;a on marg.

i>n'

nCDJ.

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Google

NUMBERS

XXVI. 42-59.

Dnwb

pnanaV p aa pnaaai ’Narntr ana *?a pnanaV p ana p*7N pt*a ynnN-i t\bx pnan nynnK pa nw’b aaa* pn raa* ? pnana ? new an wnnn pa nnn *7 'nra pa myna ?

4* 43

’KDmtP 'pa

»w

me? new nnn can 'bs'Db 0 pa bwoba ? pe>am nn^n pnaaa new an am p^N 1

:pND ynnxi 'bmu an

pnana ? 1

‘’n^Nnv*

pa mVa' ? 'my pn ny ?

wju pa

n&yan pnaaai pnana ?

am*?

50 s

’*?nsj ana p*?N waiter an aaa p*?N p«o ymrn t\bx pynntn pn*?m pxa ynea ^ni f\btn pxa ne? nVann p*?N*? nava ? ntra ay nirv b^ai nnnVs aDn [*]mD*? patr faon nn*?sn nynK nnn’ laao odV ca« [rn]m*?o nyrn rnwVi nna^b* nynx n* n*?fl» rnjn [pn] :.—im*?D jVd’ ntna ID’S *?y pnbsn pnnnt* ’tone? my? ? anD pn nmVo wjiern pa penn*? pnana ? wv ? aaa ana p*?x ’nnna pa nna ? wnnp pa nnp*? pm »n*?na pm wjinnn pm ’mn ? pa ab an

*7Nnea

;

5»i 53

fbl. jj. b.

;

Dan n)bb

may

pm nnnp nrv (rw)bn »V? nan anav may nnt* na pn# rv may ? nn*?n onyan :

rv n^in nnpi

nena 1

ne’a

After

Before

on marg.

pc'PP.

So MS.

on murg. 'sb.

Digitized by

Google

NUMBERS

vnoc? ?

nymx

’nxatyv

prrwo ?

XXVI.

24-41.

atrv

’nxia

pa h

’ntopot?

pxo n*?m t\btt pntp 'NTio pa tid ? prvpa ? phot *n

’pa pbx

iatrt?’

pbttb

pbar ’pa pVx

'nbxbir

n«wo

bN^rv ? ’NmSn

: pxo tpom DnOKi niwo prrpa ? tpv rv -?Vin *vaoi ’N*vao pa

*)bti

pne> 1

»ji

pa "itynx nySa ’ja ?n 'taybi pa ^npbw ’xpbn pa pa -ism ’wrap pa yrotp ’Noasr n^N pn nb mn xV nan -o ina^p

nabo n*?an nyji n^no -rne’re nn Dtrn h*?n ptram pn pm*:o^ niyjo ’pa p^x

Datsn ’nbKriKW

’Xian

•«, 39

"raoV

pbn ? ’tnin 1

»»

lybi

3° 31

nmm

yatin

nSm» pa »:a

»ja

pnd

pbxi

’onn pa Dnn ? ’xnaa pa -mb ’pa pbx *x ny pa pyb nbnw pbx pxo B’om t)btt pnbrn pan pn’yaob prrpab tpv

pVx

D’lflN »3a

*ja

dhsn

nVmtp’? pn’pab

3«

pa ybab prrpab com *n* ’xo-m pa D-vnb ’nb’aiyx pa ’NCflin pa DDinb ’ndoip prrpab D’O’n oa pbx ’xjoya pa pyib pxo run p)bx D’yanxi ntyan pn’yjoi

b’atyNb ’xyba

osityb

;

’VPN pa -nxb

.m. m .

39 4»

Before ’33 on raarg. B"i ....

Before

|*7N1

on marg. an

illegible gloss.

Digitized

Google

7 9

NUMBERS

67 6

f»*

p|*7N

XXVI.

6-23.

W»1

'KOH pi 0-0*7 pi plOTlS pymtn nn^n pnMMD 11m ’johni pr6m pxo yien ’

fm tolDJ 3 N 7 N Mil IN' ?# vrotn nneMi mot q-i’ini fm ’

1 7

D Ml

Nm dtini pnnDNi mp neMii pnK *?yi rwo by njnx fin* nybn nos n» nyiN nnnsi mm peon mp m nnew bioi nneMi mon

by 10

;

n 11

nrvo xb

mp mu

ipnyV

nm mi

pn»oi

pi ‘JNIOJ WyOi? poV pyoc? Ml pi Wo**? 'umi pi mt ? I’wi’ pi * pi* ? r\bti pDvi pm wyoty Mni p ?# 'NViNty 1

'NblOJ

;

15 16

pnxoi

pi psv ? pnMmV m mi wit? pi Mie ’Kin ’NIV pi pi 'briN ? 'tnVlN pi HVW ? v\btt pyin# “prraoS *n mu pbx s'^kph

’toisv

'in’?

np wn

mtn ?

>*7

10 foLja.b. 21

ny moi

pND

eom

nmm

Mi *3NVty pi nbwb [plmmS min’ mi nm »smt m6» pi [']sps mi nm pi psV :

ivai jtini pint

pitti

’.n^Nion

p^t*

hnid ?

pyien

wnvn pi

^xion ?

pnvnV

mnty priMMo ? min' 1

; 1

wVin pi ’

After

So MS.

ybinV pnMiiS on nmrg.

mu pNO

mew

com mi

.1 n)5>B

Digitized

Google

NUMBERS XXV. io—XXVI.

io ” on by p ’non n* n?n mnn pnN nn on n* rnooDN nVi pnun ’nNJp rv rwupn nnn n* nb nm njNn ion fDb »ntupn bxnty’ i« Dbyb mnn ’nnn mnn nynrbi nb ’nni :Dbty *j teen :bNno” on by nbDi nnbxb opn nnn » nor nn’NJ’-ro oy bepn nb’ep nbxnty’ mnn ’NJiyotrb nN nn mo: Nibo nn J5 n(nn)N Don noiN tyn mx nnn rvnrn nnwno nnb’op Nin pen nN nn i«, n no’ob ntyeoy mm 3 bboi n* ip’yN 4 pin* pbopm is pmbnjn fin ? p:x np*y n nbn nnn »nrn bboe byi mys bboo by pnb lbnrr (rn)b(epNn) pnnN pno n*D3 by nnsoo nnsoe nnn mm mys bboo x*vi. s bboi pnN nn nrybN oyi ntyo ay no’ob mnn * bNnty* on neon bo diod n* nD 6 (n):ty pnDy nno psi bn pnnnN m*nb bybi pnoy mono nrybso ntyo bboi bNoty’n Vn 3 pDy nno* tno’ob inn* pn* by nNie nypnn 4 m. bNoty* om ntyo n* mm npsn non bybi pity onjfo ynN fo ipsrr 5 oni bxnty* mnn piNn ’nNibs pn tobsb ’Noun pn ion fmxn

nrybN nn Dnys

no’ob ntyo Dy nin’

bboi

bNnty*

mm :

;

3 ,.

Before

on marg.

Before

on marg. ncpD ....

Before W>Dl on marg. an illegible gloss.

Originally pc'.

. .

mi’3 N^n. *

So MS.

Altered into

IP'JJK.

Digitized by

Google

NUMBERS

1 « iniinn

it?«

mno

a’ »s

pbi

biK

rnno fa nVi

Ilia p’Dy

pp nyi ? *n» fK Kbn nasi (ma ?)^ faiD 3 i 1

*Km

(nj)DnV

ron

t]Ki

fnpDNi

*ik fa

ay (n 3 )oib(’i) Dy ?! Dpi

t)Ki

mnN^

(mtyK) fa

ajya »rrr

(n) 34

XXIV, 22—XXV.

:p nfl’ll ’1PD1

ityi

Viki

XXV.

'nwma ? nay 1

iViki

in’nbN

mib nay

byib bKia” 3 ia njyo ? nin’ naKi

*pyn

iNia

fmnbK ? todi ’iay mn* nn npm nys nnn nys ‘lyiV noaifKi nmi n* p^Dp’i iok “aN’i ? ntro ioki btnty’o mn* nn pin niyfl bvzb naavNi vjmk n» in ibop S*rw* s n» vnK t ? npi nnK ^mty* *aio ill Km bKity’ *31 naaa Vi »3*ySi ntyo ’3’y ? nn’K3’ia 11 Dm’5 mini* :iyia bnx pai p3Ki iD3i rrntmi ii*?a Dpi n3ni pnK 11 irybK 11*7 nK ?tntP» ini *?yi mxi nan *

nyiiK

»ien D’aiyi bKitr* inii

iaa*Ki

bKitr’i

foM.-b.

mu mu n*

finnn n* ipm (nip)

i by fa nnana nivynKi nn’pi by n(nn)K ^kiss” fnDyi nyiiK nnouai m»oi *

nK^Kity*

After ntO“TO^ on marg.

’

letter,

probably

, ,

*f?K

So MS.

appears to have been erased at the end

nCQSK. *

The K

N has apparently been erased before

written over. p.

Digitizedby

Goc

NUMBERS

tpm

XXIV.

tbnSi

Dibs

,Dn:i

T3"on

xni lib

»ai n* span ySiS pSi uno npyi ’in oxSoS DySiS pSi 'ooxi oipn nil t’Sio nnSn p *tioi -]b

n:n

mrv in* ?! khi tiopix

TnSo’S

’oy

on marg. nntcn

«i*d*

jo’P’ io

rnty’

vaboi

bfl’

p’(nai)

rn ’bai

]

oan

onvoo maain Pn a

(nbno

maa

’bno pa (’bp’

aba

vvnbn 9

i(?n

pbma

»a’V:

(n)

;

paa

laatro

"ioni

fO’[n]a

D’nb»

[ICJT.

written over. frorii I'JSiS’DV

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NUMBERS :ni

oen pVa Dip nan Vn kon n ? 1

tD on marg.

. .

These two verses are

in Deut.

on marg.

rt>D

’So MS.

. .

in Deut.

ii.

i>3. ii.

28, 29.

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NUMBERS bboi :nynixa

may

XXI. 5-12.

prop va

n»bi

ntyooi D’nbxa

nay

noya mir nban b(pbpxn) nanba ay mai nay rm map ppion nbn p’an maxi nep mb nay nnxi

bxna”o

1*7*70

’an ? mb nbn manaa

n(’BTU) :

ynx

(n)nvpi

naab onvao pnpsx nob np’va

amx

tys:

’.id

ncro rm ivby

’OD’i

mmb

»bv "pi

mna

:nay b’no’nea

’bin

nn’ nan mp’ nb nay n&yob naxv 4 ntya nayi ’nn* nn’ ’inn ma: ba ’nn *dd by 3

«»««>•

crm norm ntyrob banDxi twx n* *° unsaa man maxa ibop maxa men bxnty* n niya’ty mna axia Dmp byn nnanaa ’xnay bxi axio n’ nxm bN ntrab mm *naxi nnnv nynx p *|b pix >*b (n)bn na min pna nnnv neniy n’ nan* Bib ’jab (n)bn i* dd: jx ibop *m

n(tyyj)

’DD by nN’ian tsrun

bma men iboj ay mm bboi

:nnr

nay nnx

no’ob ntro

ua baipb anpm neniy n* axio ainn m» inx xb (n)bn pna nun bxi prwpn bx pay :

’

Another n

So MS.

ii.

end of the word.

visible at the

Before 1DN1 on marg. ,n by in

. .

apparently D, has been erased before D.

Before idni on marg. inc\

Deut. *

’

letter,

, .

This verse

to be found in

Before

^D1

on marg. nnt
5 26

pnx o’ 11m

myn

’ab

;

**i.

rsnpi

pn(nn)p

pn pa :

pn(n*n)p

Dim

,—nNi nioyja :nann nnn# naty 3 n* nnDab *pD d* ymtt nma mao nbon 1

After

The

After

pn’

TOPI on

3 is

marg.

njwm.

written over.

t)1D

on marg.

CTOD

Digitized by

Google

NUMBERS

XX.

14-31.

:.pn nrrv rv "oyn x*7 -bn im’yo noy D~npb my’ xin x*?n nv’yi nsprn ysyirv

fpfli

pnnD

unm

nynx

miD

'po*7

n*7o:n

pnxm

pno pnmin Dvro

-t

ityy

*7X

nmv

poonn po

ixi

pynx

w.»j

nmv

(n)*7n

pbo’m idoo pm*?o prnon pro BHpo

t*7

1*70

*?*7oi

;o po*7 tnx x*7 (n)*7n

xmi pn

n:iDy pDV

“no rv ran* ury*?

n*7o:

.1*73’

Dy nin’

ms (prrn nmo mo po’nx Diyno pnoy pnx* nnty pio:nm po:o p*?n“n

nps noy nn

o*7

rv pn*

no’o*7 ntyo

piniym spoo pm*70

n&a

pn*7ty

n*7tyi

rv noon nnx bxnty’ iinx nox i(:n3) Dnvo*7 mnnox iny:i (i):nyptrxn nniy* ? ’XTi,o (1)3*7 ityyoxi mo pov cnvoo (i)3vn n*7en (i)3*7p yarn rnrrb COran (i):nnox*7i nmp 0”"Tp3 (i)3n:x xm onxoo (i):psxi n’*7ty *73

bpno

my:

iyixo m

loinn noD’Xon

in: n3*70 ymx om »o *n^: r^i cmoi 10X1 loinn ioy:*T ny *7 xod: po* »dd: (i:io r)*7 psx mnn nj*7“t *o myn x*7 nnx

x*7

r»

(-n)*7

mix

on marg.

*in.

written over before V.

is 4

. .

So MS.

NUMBERS

7l s

mow

n* no

no?o iDii

dv mn’

'bboi

*i*oo fn*i pn*i*yb

m nnom

pn*yn

mpm

n* *po*m

nso

noo mn* ompbo mow n* pnb noxi noo 3 orrpb nbnp n* pnxi no*o pob pDNi 4 pm noo to Kn nooo *j wot? mown noo n* nyoi mu n* noo dixi :po powoi nnooo nnen od po ipsn toot pon o proo’n s xb in pnxbi no*ob mn’ 10x1 n* pbxyn k ? pb bxoo*’ on *ryb *noopob 6 mu*n *o tun pnb non»n nynxb pnn nbnp 7 noxi tmo oopi mn* oy bxno” on i”u*nxn pov n* nxtnob noo* nnx mn* otto roo*o ro’oioo bx ton rrnc’pn -px n*i imon 'm* o nayx *t(nxmoo)oi "poiyo nnyo nyoxm noo mio n:no* novon nnoo nnx n* uyxi

10 itrioi

pnb pom

7-13.

nnx rnnom n* omi nso toy

pbboni* *pnx pnxi to t’O

XX.

oo’ob no*o

•*

bboo

tt?in

oid no*ob

“|b

nimbi pnn

mn*

noxi

nnoD o*ob pD :pn nbbooo my *oy nmnobi nonnbi nnsxbi nonyob "|p*y

(*bn)i

*tm

Before bVci on inarg. an

After tb on inarg.

illegible gloss.

written over. .

So MS.

4 *

!>a^.

3 is

written over.

3 is

written over.

These verses are not in the Hebrew, but are to be found in

Dent. *

iii.

23-28, and

After

ejTin

ii.

on marg.

2-6. . .

3 ">V II

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NUMBERS v*?y

pirn

“m

1*03

XIX. 17—XX.

nmVD nmp* nay l

n0’3 11TN

p anD(n)“6

1D(’1)

poD’i

’N

n*oa

Vopa

’N

o*m

’N

rmmVn nova naoo ymi rwy*aty

»a*r

aopn Vyi ton

rw’aa **n jnapa nova rm^D’i nxy’aty norm by

anon coni ntrona omi poa ’yon rypn (nV?n nbnp u6 o N’nn ntys 3 ipynm n^nD’ nVi

t’TI I’D ««

(’)'m nnersa byi n*3o byi matyo by *-m

«»

errpo (rv) vby pnr xb m3 »o a(x’D) m3 ’o hoi caty nmta ? po ? *nm Nin aDo « bai ntron -t y anD’ m3 ’oa anpm vypn ym » anDn (njmp-r ntyS3i anD’ naDO na anpn ny : niyon **• nrrva tv nano nnaoa ba btnty’ oa ibyi 1

;

nno

ton nmoi empa noy mi naonp a leoantn nntria ? po mn nVi ton nnap(m) noso niyo oy noy nvnNi pm* Syi ns?o by 1

^ nVi no'ob

mm cmpb vn# o’woa ( 30 ‘moo ? p“rn mano ? mn’ bnp n* :

pn»n*n nobi

n^yoV onvoo (i)3npDN noVi umyai urnt* ton tea n3*n ynr -tn» n ? pan mr»a mnxb (i)3n* ;

4 5

ompo pnto

ntyo

’ntro

’

Before

IIS.

'bjft ;

on marg. letter lias

ni3w*p

apparently boen erased after

has been written over.

pom

n'b poi

bn# yn nb nbnp jpnV mm maa

•tnnsi pmstt by ibsji nyio

written over.

NUMBERS

nans

pi? nyatr

m non

TON(n Di’p) ninl ID'1

yno

on VnpV

nyio 'jnN

(nitra) n* lo’y

XIX. 5-16.

nma

ri*

npvi

nTlS by HOTN

npID’

nmp* Mb *an*i nnv myn ii?ni S y” inn van mDi n* »yD*i nini vypn nn* npiarn neon ny nini inD’i nnntro ? :

nms

ny inD’i

t*ei

mbi

vypn y-

i*di

ntran

'ni ? non nms cap n* on noi com ncoib *nm on nnNi nnntraa 7 Nntr» 01 n* colon yno K*n m^D nnj ’aV rnnoob *nm neon ny anon vypn yon nnns Dap 1

•a

.'D’jy rnn’Lib pain non mvi*7i bNnc” oib :i*av nyio* mo* coni c?Di biV n*ai mpn nKyoty norm nNn’Vi navi ni nbnD* Kin r6nD* morn nNn’Sn ini *an*i coNn trail n*ai mpn Vi on* n *7 nNy’ic* npynm in(*d) nin* ptra n* n^na* nVi

nan

v*?y p*nt

n *7 nn:

nVn 7 Nnc?*a N*nn nc*ai ni nmiD my *n* ioa *

'4 *5 •6

^yn *

7 ii

nmmn nm

*^1 pc'ci

mo*

i’ov nyitr

inD* niitroan

con

*711

niic’eS

Nin ioa vby mrtri pov N^n (dv*p) ino Vapi nn 1 *3N by mp*n in n*ai in *

7 ii

foL 24 .

:i*ov

nyitr ino* nipi in* con 1

After

on marg. KIDD

After 73 on marg.

, . ,

pn onu

i>2Dl.

Id.

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NUMBERS

XVIII.

24— XIX.

netm aa

mrvb penn btnev aa novo rv (n)bn pnb mo« p by nabob *ttvbb nnarr

bban

»t»vb oyi

mayo

jnabo tubs* tfb btnav na*ab ntra dv mn’ bbei '

*5,

aa mba paDn id pnb no’m rv pud panm paaboa pmbo pab narvn pa ? aemnn mDvao (-idvo) mrv matnK v nnnvya p nmbaai rrrw p n:ana panomw ponn p 38 panoyo baa mn» man** n» pnn mantt n* roe pjnm bmer* aa mba paDm ba n* pann panano baa rona pnxb mrv * 9 ia*m 2 (rue) 'nerrpK rv nrtan baa mrv mente 3° rv Nibb aennn ruo rnnan pamonta pnb baa nn* pba’m mvya nbbyai ims nbbya 3* (*l)bn pab t 3 bbei **• aa dv bba na’eb mrv npon nnnw rrvra na rvbn nebty npioD ib paan btner» nrybsb nn* pinro 21a n*by pba Nbm* Die 3 vampb nm aian nnntyoa nab nm pen mro nay n»i rnyavto name p runa nryb# aon

rv bmer»

;

».»

Before

bbt31

on raarg.

Altered, apparently, in

Before

^D!

bv-

MS.

to nniEHptt.

on marg.

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Google

NUMBERS

pnwtn (p)n

XVIII. 13-23.

nai

(eo’)i

(aoi)

Vai

not

nm’^ pinn

finin’ i ?

»m ~\b mn^ prvn prism *7D m^D” *yraa on vr i ? bsitra Din *7D 5 neasa mir*? paipn iDa bib Dm n(in)D ‘id ooa rv pisn npios pi 1*7 m’ rrnanaai .6 nipisi : pion nnaDa nnana niaa n»i nsas ’f’^pio rwan c\dd (n)as*iya pion m» no 13

n iin

sin (ni)i pDV ncnp *?pnoa s*7 ty iidd is isds iidd is by pun pais rv pain no

iidd

pis enp pisn

imn

nnno

8 nriD .

*1*7

piDm

’n*

:rrm’*7

iniabi i’ll

*7D

flip

-jay iintSi i*7

niyi nn

»n* lb ni’O* peoi nmssisi ib non’ mrrV bsicr an ponn Diip^ s-on oby n^a DS’p dVv pVinb lay

rvenp

mans

3 ybsn xb pyisa pnsb mrv nasi an na imbsi ip^in as pniaa i ? »n’ k*7 Vsitr ‘isitra iDya *7D nan’ r3 7 tKi rrmK *ien nreno by p tvt* *1 v mn* Dmp*70 nsyp psj (n)*7n pn**7y n*7Di 13*7 omi ntro 7*701 nos pnK sdji : nsaj nmiKin n* am noys nsaa nty khi n*7np *-?y n**n psi n*n*o ps Dpi : noy n*7 Di nno’303 in*oi nno*ao rmtynm by in*oi p is*7 pKo yscn ps*7K PoiysiK

ntyo by “ins :

mn* Dy

rn*

44,45

4« «.».

*7nK yin*7 ns?o

ri**7

pnK ityi nip miyynK nno’soi

The K is

Before U11 on marg.

Before

written over.

5>boi

on marg.

H2D3 $>D3

48 49

7*700 5°

iyio

So MS.

. .

, .

Digitized

Google

NUMBERS

43 35

mnto

d*vini

ibtxi

idd na’ob nncaa

26 ’:

nwi

pnnpn Vni pb# n’"Q3 *J3t?a bvo p ipbnDNi prvnm *731 psnon p-ibn pbn firn inD p di* 3 Ni fm nip pvo (by) pmcm pnaatya jnni patfp ip 33 Dnato *73i

XVI. 25-38.

fm mb brai n^D Dpi ov bbai bNip* ’a*3n

28 39

3°

pn’bfloi

pmm

paayn mna nt?o *ia*o (n)bn pbp* nnaiy *73 n» nnyab ft* neutt ba nnDai pb# pmo’ neat* ba mas na» pro pi ’nbt? mn* p3.

So MS.

In the Heb. text chap, xvii

begins here.

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NUMBERS xb

1-10x1

nn’(i)o

yix

nominx

XVI. 13-24.

fmb

pyrob ntyo

nx’bx 00 Di’nxbi

(n)bn nytn

fo (i)jnpox

(n)bn

moioo

(i)jbapob

can

pDJ

nbn

obn nn’(i)o yixb xb ^x (noioinx) t\x iyby did ix bpy mbs (i):b nomi (i)jnbxy ean 'mn(x)i :pw *« nnx nipb ntro idxi* nnnno ioj iodi mo pnxi p:xi nnx mm .7 3 100 mm Diipb poipm nxm pmby pjnm 100 pnxi nnxi fx’nno pnxoi psron nmnno e?x pno nmi* nn’nno 100 iodji nn’nno is m ntroi iyio bnx vino iopi nxm pmby nn ymb nneoo bo n* nip pmby s^odi pnxi «» :nneoo bob mn’ noo ’tnnxi iyio bnx »° rio’ob pnx dvi ner 0 Dy bboi .’pjayo fin’ dodxi mn nneoo iobo Pensnn « bob n’rrrn pnbx bx noxi pmex by ibsji a* mn nncoo bo byi »an* in box xn moo s *3,54 nnBOO Dy bbo :io*ob ntyo oy mn’ bboi

-jnooo

*701 :

.,..

Di’oxi ’

The n

nip ptyob

Before "1DN1 on marg. TI33 ....

After ICHQnn on marg.

After nn»33 on inarg 'ID nnbt«.

There

ipbnDX 10’ob

written over.

a line over

So MS.

mjn.

ft.

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NUMBERS

XV. 41—XVI.

o>e

12.

npstn panba

pan*

on ipanbNb pab mob Drava yaN panbN

D’.abNb

'[mi ab an

iopi

xvi.

pun

map an any* an nap ami an nba an pNi nmbN on oamNi ono panrn ntro

priNOi pcran bNaer’ 3

5 foi. ao. b.

nooi ram’ 4

amp ?

iKoanNi f(n)otr man (nnD) o’or nneoa ttdj ( n)bn pab ipiD pnb iooni pnN byi nsro by ptrnp (p)*aa

(p)i_mi

by ban ratro yean ao’ob ranooa *aa

raneon ba

nm* bnp by paanann cm nap cy bboi van

nay raa

pan

ran nba ra»

nap’ ’ntrrap

mn» earn

aev •

na*b

na’b nap* nn annra

nneoa bai nap (i)N’nno pa*? racr’N mo ana mn’ empb rryiN pmby nan .'a ? on pa ? *ma Hemp Nin nm* annra s, 9 myr o’? on o iyotr nap ? racro 3 aoNi neoaa pan’ bNatrra n.nbN trnsN (n)b,n paio tr*otrn nirocrob rrt’b pan’ nnapo ? bNati” pnerotrab nneion omp ? 4 epabi mm ptro io in pn’ym lay ab on i’nN ba na in’ napNi «i by f’a’Doa inaoa bm an# a’Dtr s^b : mono ” nbem vby plan (n)bn r-on no pnNi 7

era

After

’

The n

on marg. an

illegible gloss.

written over.

Before 1DN1 on marg. nili'tO ntJ-Q.

So MS.

;

a letter has been erased after p.

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NUMBERS

rrn

nnpm

intro

XV. 27-40.

*onn

trsi

‘[ni

nntr)*i ntrsj by mno nVD’i mVDV nntr nVnD’i i*Vy nnVooV mn* ompV m(om poinn mrnVi Vnio” »nn mix’ : nV ntrsr : intro mynV pu*7 (’m) min :

mn’ rv

*7 a3

mvi pi

nniy*

moy nVo r

nn3.

So MS.

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NUMBERS

XV.

12-26.

(n)nNONn rvpjb ij nay’ pjnan nnb pnayn i(na) nv* Vo mn’b myn n*n pip nanpab pbN rn* pnan m nayn iamb paaan ’n nva paOoy) nan* pi -tny’ p pnayn rnaa mn’b myn nn pnp *5 oby n*va -nan nmabi fab “nnn rrm nbnp 16 rnn ompb »rr rrnaa pano pamb jpaoy ivu nmabi tab ’sv nn pm mn

u pnayn pjnoa

(n)’rya .*

« 7, fot. iy.

^ 19

20 »'

bboi * na oy bba na’ab ntro Dy bxyo nan mynxb paby’aa pnb no*ni bNitr’ :

ponn nynt* cnbo paba’oa ’nn pnb fan* pann nbn panta»y m&wn mn’b nasnx ;

mraia :nn’ iann p mn rmanxa naNnN po pamb natott mn’b p:jnn pantni*y* 4

rrmpo ba n’ pnayn tfbi prn pb ncro nta paib npsn ba n» ntra oy pamb vmbi mn’ npsn nov n’ya \n ’nn (nnaynK) nncna na ns nnana ba pnayn pna vaDii nnmai mn’b myn nnb nn pmn nona ba by mna nbDn mbob nn pry n’svi (n)bn pnb nbnon bxna” na pjNi rEl

on marg. nnt ....

’ •

pnm

So MS. So MS.

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NUMBERS (n)*7n

:pa*aan

43— XV.

XIV.

pom mm

11.

D^p ? pnann x ?:

anna pbam pa’onip ? pn nx:y:ai nxpbay niir »m n»*7i mm nnaa pnn»y p by (n^n njyo: mn’ pnto nmo trn ? pDD ? isi’yi paoy nmntyo ubo pD3 ttb nx:y:a: nxpVoy ny:v HDD pn’ iDnm pnD’? ? ra n* nca h>h>ai

cmb

liryi

nyiN by

maa

ip*7 Di

mexn

laipNi 6

mn* natn nmNh>

•,

(pd:i)

not? nay lhonNi s

ia*ah> :

ppDn

fsi^i

nno

0)i*an (n)h>n

mn*

natt ntyah>

iaNi

ompb p*iann N*7 i poiaa on n»h> (n)*7 n pn*nn tio’onn n* poy tint* p nah> ncya naxi :

42 n*h>

a * *

i*7

n tipDn

h>N

nh>yn

Nh>

N*m mn* ia»a

mail on marg. nrt npV |D. 5 The n is written over. The K is written over. 5 So MS. A letter has been erased before Apparently altered from the participle }’ is still Before

legible

after p. 1

Before tDXl on marg.

verse

not in the Hebrew, but

and underneath pa ...

may

he found in Dcut.

This 42.

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NUMBERS

XIV. 19-31.

pwvbn by pn by pa# am nps or nb mana f(j)-rn nay (n)amb a nbD pfty’an byi

*»

;

nyi

Dnvoo

nay ? n(bao)n naai

j(:)nn

i(aia) .*

‘un

(DriN)i

(n)’naa ba ibn

Dnvoa

-pbaa

nn^D

nyn# ba

nan io * a «

natn

m mm

mayn

maa nbai » ’(np’tf) n* ltm

’(man nn) nnDy p »n* idji nnanaai ’bpa pnnaitb nyantytn nynx n* p?m ab aba nayi t>jb nnao bai pnb pab mbtfyi nna »bai nay mn mn rnm(n) apy nxpbayi mm* nynn pnb byn nynjtb nnanab pab ibai us nna npaya nxn n#jy:ai :*pD D’ ynw *ny :na’ab pn» oyi ntya oy mn’ bbai ’by (pun)a 0 )i 0 »n) nnn nnty’a nntr:ab naN jnyap.’by *ftan)a pjjn birw* aa (aan) noa j«*b p mn* 0 )a*no ms* m pnb nas* pn nnanaa pab nay# p ’yiatyaa pnbban naa psjaa bab panniDKD bai psnas pbs’

kVi

lyajy

jaat

mum

{

*i **

*«,

pby’n pDN !3 sb baoi non (r)ab an na’ab ’by iaa (n)bn m nay ba n’ baaab mnb njt* biat* ( n)bn bap ’aty obap ’b -ray nntt (pas) pi : pa *vp» >5

nabi

‘

;

••

*’na”aa mtt sbi -jp’ya (D’jn nyptrnte) pi

naa pyaty »b vnsai nay ’aon

nay pn

tyja pjtt

n&yab sbn naam

“las'!

paaipmi nyia bnttb pn’

mnn p

»« «•>*«>•

btnsy’ *o’an

nami

bvtn ran -jay bbatti ny’tti

baDn t*bi nay (ba)oa nay paDp pn’by ’irai pba*m mab isynpnn na’n naybi n’Tinb nntt (i)jba” pa na’ab mm yiatyaa pn»aa (n)bn iDa

I’bjrt 8

So MS. After psyi* on marg. [1] nor? ntsa. This has apparently been altered to D'l for D'jn.

There are traces of a b between 3 and

So MS., with

traces of HJ after, in an older hand.

Before U2N1 on marg. .1 by ,3D.

•

The

letter has apparently

“I.

been erased between 3 and D.

written over.

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NUMBERS

31 30 3

pbx nn'N

X. 30

— XI.

naxi : Stosp [x]bn nn* pntw n bn naxi nnx *nnb*nxbi *ynxb

s*. pa nnpo foao] Von pVy’o ny rpatyo ^ «..s.b. : annoy na *ptym nVn *7jn * pnVnV Dns» mx’ns na VN’Voa nctpo pa oaty V’n Vyi 23, *+ Vyi Von piyna na p’ON d*opo pa oaiy Vn 25 pmVnV nnxntyo bib ty:ao p pa nntyo odd oacy Vn Vyi rrrty’oy na mynt* rnVn Vyi >« pa oaty Vn Vyi pay na bN’yaa nty« pa 27 Vsnev pa *Voo pVtt ip*y na ymrw >VnD:i »s .

.•

nVon pmVnV von rnwno VNiyn na aainV ntyo notn 3 fntt nn* mm noxn nnmV pnw pVoj ntyon by oo Wo mm nVh iV odpi poy nm poV 1

After nj’jn on marg. ppnoi

Before "'ONI on marg. fD’

, .

’ So MS. and underneath 3130 .

•

[?].

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NUMBERS

29 X.

fmn

X. i-io.

mrr bbnV nayn *n:u span psw nntfntra rv Vaabi rancaa pna pypnm po nyia Vhn yanb nnaaa ^a Ti'b pjanm ’D ?# win mrrw tt 7 paanm pyprr ;n«en nnx’atya jSan nyacw pypnm bant?’

nnN’ntra

trnaai

,»

pyta ?

n ? nay ib im

no'o ? 1

ntya tay

nyaaa t^ton nuan nyet?# pypnm pm^ea ? pypm nyatrN misva paNtyn :

nana pn» ’m ptyyan nVi pypnn n^np m pann ? D^y mn: ? pa jmi nmv’xna pypm npNy by payaxa map ? p*?y*n nai mrr amp ? 3 paanm 3 nnNavvna pjyyam pan’ pamvTn ’arm pa’aan ;a pxsnm pan^x nnNavvna pypnm * pa’na* waai panyiam :

p’yan

10 fol. ij.

pan ?

pa ?

pa’abty ’nan ^y? pan*?y

.•pan ?#

mm amp mm ‘Vbai

ax pan ?}* 1

pa ? ana ao’a ? ncra ay nxmaN maS iWi pa ? ibiai us pan nmaa naiana nnVett’ai nmaa nnypaa viatya Va ?? nan nnm ay naaaabi njoy:a ya« na’ syiyai iViy nyax rv pa’aaip ? nan* an rnna an: onaaff ? panna^V nyana’Na nynx ra»

paxa

ipana pyatS *

Before

letter

ou marg.

1 ?

apy’bi

has been erased before and after

but are to be found in Deut.

After

|«i>

pm’ ? 1

i>32 ;'N 1.

So MS.

This and the two following verses are not in the

text, 1

^>?D1

Hebrew

6-8.

on marg. 3KD ntM3.

Digitise

NUMBERS

K’nn

min my*i

IX. 13-33.

mna Vn Iran* k mini on Kim coni

crui

naif

nnps

ppi mn nV mpn nV mm pip (n^n moy p nu pioy mm* ]xi JKinn nty*N bap*

nn*

pniy*

npynm nnps nnyob

ntyflj

vjitni

nmu my* p

mna

vjhpi nnoo

:nynm

mn* ? noa

nnviVi pib

ruix*’?!

*n*

i5 *rv njjy *oin njiiyo n* npnm ovn *n* njyonn nnxnnD ptyob njityo nev ny *n* p imp m irm nj*oi* njjy njiiyo bya mjy nipViott oaVi :*y?i 7

njptyo ^y

mnsm

tan piy*n pbo* mn* no*o by

ptyn pov by

mjy

b i pity*

Vtnty*

Vmty*

mn*

rroniNii

pbo*

*ji

*ji pity* fon njjy no*o byi bsier 01

mityo

.‘pity*

«s

pov mp^o fou,.b. pbo* kVi mn* 30 by pj.pi pov mjy *n* ini mn* no’o ‘jyi pnty* mn* no*p by mityp pbo* 31 p^r p*i nsv ny typno mjy »n* ini njjy pbnp’i *VVi *dp*x *n p*?dp maxi njjy 3 mimiNi pov *n nn* *n pov pin *n pbon » bNnsy* *ji pity* vby ptyo ? .mityo by mjy mn* no*o by pbo* r-tmpbnotai pbo* kVi 33

nnNDO

n* ‘wity* *ji

pnon*

*.ip

mn*

rriNOO

n* pbo* mn* :

no*o ini

After n* on marg.

Altered from DDV.

no*o Vyi pity*

mn* no*o by vwdj 1

[1]n”1. 3

So MS.

Digitized by

Google

NUMBERS

rmia

»5

nrrny b*n

iy7D bnN3 vns*

*nyn

VIII.

25—IX.

nb’n b’nb bNy* bybi ity»

pDin

tyon

pty ptyon 1307 iy7D bnN 'ay vam my i3y’ r»)’DJ ntti’Dy navn' n(t*)ai pnbn* n(iy *pa nny) nmpi nw’ay Vpnan (p)'?pn(a) pynty tpa in -p’s nbpna

pnn in in

«5

pbtta

nma ? ntyan D'Dn n^D p^tra prvin nanp in in is ’bx’D unit* n’ba may nsii nbyb in in mate in mi pnn pirn pin pnn n’a^tr nm ?! m^D ? in pry p ntran mtr an pmat* neran psny ntran mty’ay in iry’ntt pip in WaD anV (n)’Dj dv iDy in ovn n(tt)ai pnbn m(n *pai n)ny mmp :pny ^pnan (p^prCa) pynry spa in "p’D n^pna 1

54 55

After

D"EN on

raarg.

pi3 H3 and underneath

rPpD,

57 58

NUMBERS

(mn

pn*?n

*5 ,—i(n)oi

nenp Vpiaa bpi

n)ny naaipi

pyaty *pa

*]rs

fVn nbpia :

nnaab ntyaa D’on nbo pba pnnn is nmK rrVo am niDy ia max in nan .‘nVyb nnty ia pin n’D^ty naibi mbDb in

*«

’bx’2

pry i»dvi

pan

VII. 25-41.

s\dd~t

ntyan nary

»aa

pinat* ntron

pimy ntyan

fVn ia dn^n pip ia twVk pun ’aa ? (tt)*Da nay’ai nova (spa n)nx naaipi iinner n(»)oi pnVn nenp bpnaa ^pi pyaty *pa in "p’D nbpno nnaa ? ntyaa D’Da nbD ph>o pnnn ’bx’D* pin ia in id aims n’*?a am may pry -vein : nbvb nney ia in ina# in nai ntyan piai pirn n’aVff naibi ; nVaob in 1

jo jt

...

3* 33

34 js

ntyan naty

»aa

pncN ntyan

*psiiy

:n»nty ia iwbrr in 'js'obw pyoer 'nb (k)’D 3 nNty*on nova pnbn (mn tpai n)nx naaipi mtymif ‘apioa 4pi pyaty *pa in ia*a nVpna n(tf)ai nnaaV ntyaa D'Da nVD p'aa pnnn ntyip ia 13 rrmw n^a am niDy mn ’bt^D i’DVi iai rfovb nnty ia in mot* pan pn pirn rnabcy naibi niVD ? in pry p ntyan naty *aa pnot* ntyan pony ntyan ‘jN’a'aty pip : mtymy ia :

38, 39

pip 36

marg. before TO'3,

[IJig’N.

So MS.

NUMBERS

VII.

mm notti

1-24.

nnaio tompb pmp « najnb pimp rv laipK or ? in (n)’DM dv ? in nnaio pom nmp n» nxcip nova aip(N)i mm ” a *pa(i) (nyy) maipi min* oaty ? aivoy 1a >3 pyaty rpai in -p’o nbpno nyoi pnbn mn D’Da nbo pbo pmnn nonp Vpnoa (p)bp(no) nrooV ntyoa * n’Vo am moy mn ’Vtua »s ia in 1a la in mot* 3 in nai in n^D ? nby ? nn» naiVi* pry -van ntyon pamy rijyon piai pin pmn moVty 1a pitym pip p ntyon n:ty oa pinoN airoy (n)’Dj ntyob

.•

;

mm#

•

(n)’dj

iyiv

n(in

fjDai

mon nova no trcr»

ia *7K3nj aipn

n)nv n:aip n» aipn

18 19

tpa in “pa nbpno n(N)oi pn*?n D’Da n^D pbo pinnn nonp bpnoa bpiCo)

p(y)aty

niDy

ia in inoN in ion

'btua

nnw

pmn ia in

ntyoa

»°

rmtt

nbyV nnty nt^D ? in pry mam pany ntyon piai pin pmn moVty la btonj pip p ntyon n:ty »aa pinot* 1

nai ?! 1

»,

ntyon

••

1a aN’ ?# pVar oa ? 1

rump on

marg.

(n)’DJ

After

’

This has been altered, apparently, into trtN tBK

rvax.

So MS.

, ,

iyvf

nxn’Vn nova

and the following verses the n of triDN has been

in this

erased, but

still legible.

Digitized

Google

NUMBERS

VI. 22

pnx ay bbo

26 *7

ay mrv

na’ob ntyo

’33

’

*«•

roDtyo n»

»k»d 3

p33*ip n’

nb^y 1

inw

n*3’3D

pin noynni brn

Dmpb

niDtro

pnn

nn* tnpi nn» ntyoi funtyoi V3Q b3 nn btnty» p3K pnnntt n*3

*(«)*D3

mn’ Dnipb

pnb

fl3313N

nopob nsro niD3D» Di*a

nnno m 1*30 bo nn mpNv pn* enpi

p3s n’03ty 3

bboi

n* p:mn vdk iD’ob vaa Dyi nmyi nm» m 3 inon mn’ 133 *13 pnb ion ib nem iTb vqk mn’ ’bn* i3[onjvi i*i*b Dbty btntn ’33 Sy 'S& n* i3en

bxitr’ >4 , 45

io.

by mmb by *ny* p

nmn

:mt3 *•» >s

— VII.

mb mu

csd rrw ’osm

rrro

fimbo 3D

fin’ :

innpNi

nnab

nn’ob ntyob

by f’DNpn

fboy

mn*

n’(N)*D3 *idni

pn* fnm nyio bn# vrawn n* ncyotyob nn nnxb3y n* nsyo 3D3i nn*3y Dobs wxt nn nntfbjy f*nnn n* W’bb fin’ 3nn nmn finny DDb3 pera 33 b 3n* nmn rmaiN am nmn nnsoin nn nnxbny nyan# nn pnx m3 non’N *tn 3 pn*3y Daba 33b neap nbn 3 m >^01 on marg.

’

After

on marg.

. . .

YU ,

’J)3.

CTN PJK.

Digitized by

Google

NUMBERS

VI. 9-21.

pm pm

mo*

nim iddi

nova nnvai Dva

nity’aty

trn 'anon [jn]n rpya yby

ntwon novai :roiDD* n:na tV p* oa pin nom p vby n^Di n^yb *rm rv^D ? in nma 10m xmn nova ncm tyipn ntrn by *n

iayn

*n**

lyio bnx

;

,o ««

dcn ? nniy ia iNen *n**i mo nnDs 1bn 1

*ov

roanp

*ov n*

mn’ ?

*Noip n*ovi

p*7oa*

Dva m*o nmn rm u njno hk mn ? rtn* *n** >+

mo*?tyN

n* aipi

mnoNi nVy in obw in nan mVD ? 1

inoK mn’b

nntr ia

nntr

no*?ty

ma mn

ntroa p»Da pbn n^D tod pj[pi]* pn’aiDtn] pnmoi ntyoa pnero [tod *pnpii]

Ibl. 9.

mi nmbD

n* iay*[i] mn* mn* ? poVp nai iay» 1

nay :

vaiDi

mi nnmo

aDi

nai

mnm

mai p jni in

on pb

n:na aipi

mai ni

n* nina iay*i

trn n* iyio *?nK

nntrx by fnn nVtya njniN n*

nnby

m*0D

pap

mna m*o

mo cm mna

iddi » iyD n*

aDi :n*oSty

p in tod iDnotn ma m*o

tod pnpn n:op

r\b

*dd by « m*o n* runaV Nin cnp nm* oiipV nDNjn mna nn'DiNi nyo by ion m*o nncM *

pn* f)Oi *n*

mai nnioiNi npty byi n:aip iti m*o nvnn

So MS.

After 3TID1 on marg. nnrttJtsn.

After ntD^C'N on marg. fJian and underneath

. .

VtBI

Digitized by

Google

NUMBERS

III.

—VI.

ooo bo pnooob pnnaN rvob ob oo n* « oo’o by no’o pn* moi : p3oan bybi rrv •7 pnnosyo nb oo pbN nm nos : nopoo is peno oo ronojy pbNi nooi ronp ptyoo “130

may

pnooob nnp ooi ’bno pnooob ’“no ooi f'lonob

pnnoN mob

{

’no 33

pnooo

»4

»N3iEnob

pit*

;

’yoen oob pnooob

bN’ryi

pbN

poi

»yoty

vi. 3

on n’o

N’D3i

nooyo

motyo

pits?’

*******

nonnob o*t 3 333 330b tno* p nnN ’oyi 3 on 3 ’oy onn* 'arm oon p ronii”

nor: r^b

e 7

’trioi

wob po

bybi no* ooo ooo bo fooo pmoiDoi ’N3iono po : pNo tram psbN ny o»

:bNb 33

foL

omn

poon

’Nvb ooo p3N pbN

Nb D’oiy

n3iro

nnti”

[b]oi

t^D’bN

333

mn’b

Nb nno3

bo” p6

27 28

3° 31

miDV

prvb*nb

pnbm n trarr onos nntyab pxmbm pmb’nb

t)bx

nya

nntra ana**

[n]bm rntr’ay in i?y>nx p anb itrx ma* nay pixem [f]ixa ynen *|bx pntt»i [i]aam nb’m pay in bxyns itrx anb x’Dyi pxa tram tjbx pynixi in x’dji ’bnsi onen nnbn iaaai nb*m fry in yi»nx *bnsi anb p mitrab naan bn pxa ymxi ^bx ptynm nnpyb pxa ntri f)bx ptyam nyntri nbx nya iaaai

3 ;

aaa pebx

33 34

bn pnnnx

nnbm

nab

*ibxi

pn’DnDb pba’

an aaa pbx pxa nv pn’b’nb nnxntya *xvbi piyam pxa tram bxitr’

an inn uanx .*>:b an nnyi :nra n» nin» ipsi man bxity* fin’Dnab lit? fn ntra n* mm ipsi bnn bxiKi nnnnx rvn by namb inn ibai pi :

Before 030 on marg.

"HD

prmoV

lias

After

on marg. n

no.

written over 030.

i>3

been inserted in the text after |VTD30^. .'1.

Digitized

Google

NUMBER8 'naa

torw*

pnen

*ja

pnniN

i— 17-

av nm»

b^ai

n’a ? ’pOa’oa vwb by) nyia ‘mx ? nnD 3 ‘nipVa

«.

ptcanp fnsttrti

'nb

II.

na’ab pns* oyi nsra

{

finer’

min* nntya Data nyrraa rnyanjt vauai rfmt nnyay *12 perm min' Die> nov pntfuni pyatri pxa ntri :nyiy na Sj«ni natrer’ aa ? iss'DJi naerer’ fwo yaiNi t\bx p»om nyaiK vyjai nVm

n’dji finin'?

aN ?K

aab rs’DJi p*?ar oatr[i]» ptram nyatr vmai nVm fb’n t)b$ nya nnaa’i rryjo ’aa 1 ptto pn'VnS pan yanto pob[K] nneri p:aim jp^B’ fwanp K'DJi pn'S’nb narn fa fawn nntra Dao nner vraei nVm nwner na hv'^k fawn aab oatr may pern fwa a’am t\bt* pyanjn

n[a]

yanxi

fV?ar

f)b[N]

rrrermf na

fwa rnbm

nVm

btny~r

w*a ?tr

fol. 7.

1° .>

on marg.

nan in 3 D.

Digitized

Google

NUMBERS

pay

12 22 12

*7ttijn

iVn

’

iirmt*

*trtn

n*i22 rv

»8

*rnn

ItS’K

sp’*7tt

jrrntt

’oats*

*73

2D3i

’*71203

nntwa

*n*D 3

pntn rwo

W33 nncoo

unnnM

13-26.

ta’lttD

p:«

potso

1**7#

3 *or

*7tntr*

0 7#

11*131 i**7Nn

ip*323 bv PiinDNi bybt pts? poy 120

nm**?

rt3*3n

n’2*7

jnw poo jmbubib J*3*D 13102 IWJOOl ntTO fl* fTO* ipDl 203 « firms'? iimbin *?tno** ti 22 pitn 02 nm limtoW? 121 bD- pots* 1*302 pnroK rrnb 3 b*n pax: *73 [flats* pov 120 21 112*3*30 .•[fliNO tram e\bs paim nnty pitn [o] 2 7*7 1

fol. 6.

t£

pjw

pnrntt [n]*2*? 1.12*313*7 iim*?in 120 131 *73 lint^lsW? pD» 1*332

02^

*112*32*30

;*7*n

nwo nbm 24

i*3D2 iirratt n*2

11K0

imroN *n* 2*7

.'Vn pON3

fWl

*73

rfrtt

po3

*73

pnmiDKD

(i)3ts*

nvcrn iim*?in 12

t)bx I’erom

112*313*7

*7^*71

bybi

*33*7

(n)3»

I’lDV

1*V21N1 2tS*0!l 13

pfitM *73 SyVl (n)3tS* 1

’

So MS.

letter has

’

pDV

The n

nnn*

[ini*7in

220

of lYffiDK

pwr iiyoe?

*32*7

120 pot? [12*3*30

D2tS**7 :

112*313*7

i*irom *32*7

pots* 1*302

written over.

been erased in this and the following verses

after !>'n. 4

Formerly pc', So MS.

as in following verses. 4

After r\'J? on marg.

, , .

Clip-

C 2

Digitized

Google

NUMBERS.

bnxn a*D annan ncya a y roiro [bbei] nroan nnea roan nm'b ann didd [rv] mD :aa’ab D'a»*a yat* jo pat? pan pn mix rr[nb] pnaanb btntr’ an bn byVi tatv patry ana : pnbnbitnb] am bn ran# proVnb pn> aan btntyp bn ps[j] era am raantfb am am pro pnayi pntn paipn roam nnaty pbNi Nin nnnnx rronb pnay an awntp aiv’bK piNa b a[yia]

*•«

propi[sab] rattan

4 5

mt’nii'

naray

fpv

ayiv

anb

airoay :

aivmo :

;

aiyan

naeray

an an an

bN’obty

pyaty

pero

nairo

bton:

anew*

nbn

an an an an

y atr’bN

nx’bN

pbnr

bs b %

bN’ban

D’aSN neao

p’nt*

D’oan

aryntt

b b

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LEVITICUS XXVII.

9 3>

edn

pie»

jmrv ?

np*iSN ini

3a 33

[n]inn nnyn ]nvi ja in’ ? mn''? ttnp

»m nrm* 34

^nip*

jni

nomw

?[p]nsn»

nV enp

nvo

mn’

n’

»n» nN*VDy [nn]na* K*n erzb id

Kin mrr ?

nenom hidvdo 0’)nn idvd Vdv *in*

fol.s.

31-34.

crip

minni [n]ih nmps vVn

»n»

-ipDi

•

*j'D

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LEVITICUS XXVII.

p(y)D

Vtroro

nbpy nbpn

trrp’

not?

*10*0

Bnp’

:(n)ON’B>

10m

17-30.

rnnr Deb -ptw

jn?

nbiv njcro ini epi i[*]bpno n nVn* nm ini Dp* (n)D«*BO by nQDD rv .—uni nb aun’i 10 nunn nbn* nw iv nnmm :

;

> 9 M. ( .b. nn* cnpon nbpy n* pi 3 pnosn [ini]* Nb int [nb] oipo vby *ion*p *pa Bnon *0 pis* Nb piy mib n[bpn] n» pr ini nbpn n» nin’b trip nbivi npsoi nb[pn] *m : m v «

*It[vi]

P*id’

:nn:nD ’nn mnib noo[n] bpm p Nbn nnr nbpn m ini « (n)DN’P dud rv nb imi mn*b wn »3 enp Ninn on (n)DN*B> n» inn nbm miy ny noy 10 mirtb nbpn o?y» nbii’ njiyi 1 mn’b *4 yiN mnD nb nb °s bpnoi »n* (i)on’v bn nbpno nn[’i] poy ntsnp 1

Bnp’ nrunD bpy

Kb norm mmb hit-t mm bn pi nonn ini Nin mn’b »pj in mn in nn’ bon

enp’

*«

ini

vby nneri

(QDN’Ba pnenn niDD

»|tvi :

nbn bio Kbi pit’

mn bi

;

pin poem

»»

Nb nBON p conn’ ooyo bn

3°

bopn’ bop

nab’N nooi 1

(n)oN’Ba

Dim

Din bo* pi Kb nmno bpn pi nonn bon p mmb Nin I’tnp Bnp Din bi pisn’ nin’b bon

nyiN

p*i£3»

ynro

hpn

has been written over after 3 and n after

marg. before |13, [?]nrm.

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LEVITICUS XXVII.

(n)oN’ty ’nn N’n napa

pDy *aa

4-1 ft.

pa nenp bpnaa *pa pc' pan *ua ini f^pna ynbn

nya

nnapaba j’^pna pDy man (n)3N’P »nn pap pc? pan *o nya rrv naa pa pbpna nnapaVa *pyi pVpna npan nnan iaN’P ’nn pnp naa ini :*pan p'jpna nn'an (n)a«’P Pdv npan (n)aN’P ’nn* nan p ^yVa pap

mDV

nys pa

mDV

pVpna

ja Nan

nana Dip ? nao’pn *)3N’P [njana naaap’ mnNa [i]n ’Dam na’a by *73 pn nan’ ? p-ip naa anp(n’)n nana pa

pbpna

[nrjapaVi

nana nn’ [oap]n :

pnp »n* mn’b naa aaa p’a »n p*aa an crip *n* nmnsi Nan ’nn nanaa ” pnp *naa anp(n’ nV*t) naDa nana ^a pi .a oapn :nana canap ? nnana rr O’pn nan* ? »n» p nana DN’pa p*a paa an pa nn* nana 13 pON’ty by npaan *|ian napne* npNnsN ini m naaapn 3 nin’ ? pnp nn»a n* pnp’ (in) paNa nana nn’ taapn naa p’a pa aa fa nana >5 plan fpan nn*a n* pie’ pnpan pa Dap* p 10

nn’ pis’ nVi naabn* n ?

nana pa*

*]a(na)

ini

;

•6

nV ’nn

nan’S paN pnp* 1

a’by

nnanD

(n)aN’P *pa

bpy

written over the line, after 1DJ).

After ilJD on mnrg. 31

After mn'b on niarg. ..1.1.

After ni!T^ on uinrg.

!?E3.

LEVITICUS XXVI. 39—XXVII. ppant?*'

pmnn ppantr* p(n*) *n npEn pnnptyn pnnn# non pnoy intt natf t\x :

nbny pro ?

yaa*

pan p-introm prim# *myn *|to pn*nm

rnanxn ‘pn’niyn

*niy jti prrniy n» :

pn*nm

*oy

ymo

anm

fpti **

pn» bxyi

rpn’iin rv pyn* “mi n[anN]

m[am]* rv

npy* *dn*p rv

pn[V’] *on*p n* ^ki

yn«n -oik onniN

*on*p

'jnni pao pntyn nynxi py[m] pa#i pmrnn

pntwaa nDybn *m*fn

pnpnwe >«b piriai jpnbtt mn* *at« nbn pnoan *as**p nbtanob paonp en*p pnb nana’i np£3Ni ynN id pn* mn’ *jn D’nbtfb pnb ’.nob n’tra *a*yb onvo na*a mn* nn*n mnxrnm mam mn»rn pbx

imi by yaacy [pVan] panaa

[p]a’ain

rv ’xwi

nas by panic

[t]ia*W» 3>

pVam

ini

n* into [pa*a]on n*

tn#i

pan*

’({yea)

byam

[n]n« Kba paenpxi n* Dtyjn

pa*nai n’by poNtyn

[njyiit

rv nax cnrai

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